Aichi prefecture

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- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ /　カッパ - Legends -
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- Aichi prefecture 愛知県 Kappa 河童　カッパ　かっぱ
河童俗伝 Kappa zokuden folktales -



Aichi Prefecture (愛知県 Aichi-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region. The region of Aichi is also known as the Tōkai region.
The capital is Nagoya 名古屋. It is the focus of the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !




The tade 蓼 Polygonum hydropiper features in many of these legends.

Some tales are quite similar and only mentioned abbreviated.

kawa kozoo 川小僧 "young man (monk) from the river - another name for the Kappa.

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A legend from Aichi 愛知県, Chita Hanto peninsula 知多半島 and Shikushima
The legend tells of the God of the Hearth, 竈神 Kamadogami and a Kappa.

tadejiru, tade-jiru 蓼汁 soup from the water pepper plant
Polygonum hydropiper. The leaves are squeezed for a pungent hot soup.



Once upon a time
a Kappa lived on the lid of the kitchen stove 竈の蓋 of a prosperous family. This Kappa, also callen Enko 猿侯, helped the family with their work. One day in a very hot summer, they prepared a soup from water pepper, which is a speciality of this region, and offered it to the Kappa. The soup was very bitter and the Kappa did not like it. Angry, he ran away.
After that the good fortune of the family declined rapidly.
- source : forumdoi.exblog.jp - ｶｯﾊﾟ・猿侯

. Deity of the Kitchen and the Hearth 竈神 .

. . . . things a Kappa dislikes and fears　嫌物 .

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Kappa and Kaaranbe カアランベ "river child"

Aichi prefecture 愛知県 - no village details

Once upon a time, a farmer worked in his fields, when a young man came along. He was afraid the man would be a kappa and gave him some tade to eat. and what do you say - the man jumped high in the air and vanished in the nearby river pond 蛇淵.
The next day a huge fish called amenouo アメノウオ / 鯇魚 of the trout family (Oncorhynchus masou ) swam on the river pond.
The family ate this delicious trout, but they all died after that.

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A man washed his horse by the river and when he wanted to head home, he saw a Kappa grabbing the tail of his horse. There was still water in the plate of the Kappa and he was quite strong, but the man let him go and the Kappa fled.
From that day on, the Kappa brought a basket full of fish to the man every day.

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葉栗郡 Haguri gun 浅井町 Asaimura / カアランベ（河童）

There lived a bone doctor who had a medicine from the Kappa.
When a person with a would to heal came to him, the person had to walk around the pond in the family garden once. Then the Kappa came out and began to heal the patient.

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北設楽郡 Kitashitara gun 振草村 Furikusamura
There are various tales from Kitashitara.
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A story similar to the soup from the tade water pepper plant
In this village story
it was a New Year feast with this soup, when the Kappa left the family.
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Zenwanbuchi 膳椀淵 "river pool for trays and bowls".
It was a place where you could lend dinner trays and bowls.
One day a youngster threw pebbles into the cooking hearth. Then a princess appeared from the depth of the pool. The youngster stuck a branch into the pond, but the stick changed into a scarecrow かがし.
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One day in the beginning of the Meiji period, a man passed at the Zenwanbuchi late at night. A beautiful woman passed him. He walked home but was very very scared. He had to stay in bed for three days. People believed he was bewitched by the beautiful princess Otohime 乙姫.

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Another story related to the Zenwanbuchi - Fuchigo Zenwan ふちご膳椀
zenwan kari ni fuchigo made 膳椀借りに　ふちごまで　going to the river pool girl to borrow some trays and bowls



The Fuchigo 「ふちご」lady of olden times wore a lot of whirling water.
People went to her to borrow trays and bowls for feasts at wedding ceremonies and funerals. And she always lent them in her kind ways.
One day a nervous youngster brought the wrong things back and from that on she never lent any bowls and trays again.
- source : sukosidake.at.webry.info


- - - - - Similar stories about lending お膳 O-Zen trays :

. Chiba 千葉県 and 薬師如来 Yakushi Nyorai .

. Fukushima 福島県 Kappa legends 河童 .

. Fukushima Iwaki city - daija 大蛇 big serpent .

. Gifu 岐阜県 Kappa legend .

. Ibaraki 茨城県 Karaneko からねこ Chinese cat .

. Miyagi 宮城県 Kappa legends 河童 .

. Miyazaki 宮崎県 - 山姫 Yamahime lending zenwan .

. Nagano 長野県　Kappa legends 河童 .
. The Ryujin 龍神 Dragon Deity lending trays .
. The Dragon at river 千曲川 Chikumagawa .
. Nagano Mizunokami legends 水の神 .
. Nagano Yamanokami legends - Kashiwagi Jinja 柏木神社 .

. Saitama 埼玉県 / 日高町 Hidaka .

. Yamanashi - wankashibuchi 椀貸淵 river pool for bowls .

. Yamanashi - 清泰寺 the temple Seitai-Ji .

. Legends about ike no nushi 池の主 と伝説 the Master of the Pond .
more about lending food trays and bowls.

. お善鬼様 O-Zenki Sama - The Benevolent Demon .
Nagano, Aoni shuuraku 青鬼集落 a hamlet named Aoni "Green Demon"



. Dinner Tray, food tray (zen 膳) - Introduction .
For a wedding or funeral, these trays were used to serve the many visitors and family members.


. Legends about the Red Cow, Red Bull 　赤牛と伝説 aka-ushi, akaushi .
北巨摩郡 Kitakomo gun 小淵沢町 Kobuchisawa - Yamanashi
The red cow providing dinner trays to the villagers !

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Back to Kitashitara gun 北設楽郡 下津具村 Shimo Tsugumura

Once upon a time
there lived old man Yajiemon 彌次右衛門長者 with his brother and sister, Oto オト and Nabe ナベ. One day by accident Nabe let a spindle fall into the cooking pot. This was a very bad omen in this region. When she asked Grandma for advice, Grandma said to throw the pot into the Benten River Pool 弁天淵. And so she did.
BUT in that night a strong sudden flood came down the valley and wiped out the home of Yajiemon and his family.
(This is listed among the Kappa legends.)

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北設楽郡 設楽町 Shitaracho

A rich man named 小石久右エ門 Koishi Kyu-emon walked pass the 男が淵 Otokogabuchi River Pool and met a kappa (Kawa Kozo 川小僧 ). He tried to kill the Kappa by hitting it with his long metal pipe but things turned out different and he was thrown into the river.

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北設楽郡 富山村 Tomiyamamura

The 田辺家 Tanabe family had a Kappa helping, and he always used the same bowl for his food 食事を与えた器. This bowl was brought by Kappa from the Dragon Palace 河童が竜宮.
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A Kappa lived with the Tanabe family
and he always sat on a round cushion 円座. The family kept this cushion as a great treasure, but about 30 years past it was lost.
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The Kappa of the Tanabe family always helped with the farm work. When visitors came to the family he always brought two trout from the nearby river Tenryugawa 天龍川から鯇魚（アメノウオ）and delivered them at the kitchen entrance.
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Then one day the Kappa left the Tanabe family. On that day a servant had given him a bowl of bitter tade soup by accident. Anyway, the Kappa left and the good fortune of the family came to an end.
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At the old family home of the Oyakata オヤカタ (chief, master)
there once lived a Kappa on the lid of the kitchen stove on a round cushion.
He always helped the family with the farm work.

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北設楽郡 豊根村 Toyonemura

Once upon a time
there lived a Kappa (kawaranbe "river child" カワランベ) in the river Tenryugawa 天竜川.
The man who told us this story once observed a Kappa at the river bank. The Kappa had shapeshifted into a beautiful woman and had come to help in the family. At the riverbank 川原の淵 she stood on a bridge and offered to lend trays and bowls. When he brought them back later, he secretely hid them in the river.
Every time there were many visitors he could do this and the lady only said to him
"Never ever offer me tade soup!"
One day he wanted to find out the truth and offered her a bowl of tade by blowing the bubbles into the river and pouring it into the river.
From that day on, the lady never came back and never lent him any trays any more.
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This story is told by various people.

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Hataoribuchi 機織淵 "Weaving River Pool"
(there is also a legend about a place of this name in Iwate 岩手県二戸郡浄法寺町.)

Once upon a time
there was a huge rock at the river bank and a woman was sitting there weaving.
Many days passed and many villagers came by just to see her. When she had finished her weaving, he disappeared into the depth of the pool.
AND
for many weeks to come, villagers could hear the sound of weaving from the bottom of the pool.

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Kitashitara gun 北設楽郡 - no village mentioned

At the Mirane River Pool ミラネ淵 there once lived a Kappa.
One day he grabbed the tail of a horse and was draged all the way along the road.

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名古屋市 西区 Nagoya Nishi
At the river 老瀬川 there lived a very strong man who once punished a Kappa.


豊田市 Toyota 簗平町 Yanadairacho
The place name of Yanadaira comes from the vast weirs for catching fish (yana 簗, 魚簗 fish trap) in the river.
One day they found the dead body of a kappa (kawa boozu 川坊主 Kawa Bozu) there.

八名郡 Yanagun district 七郷村 Nanasatomura
Nukafuchi (Nukabuchi) 糠淵 -
a river pook where since olden times lived the "master of the pool" 淵の主.
In the beginning of the Meiji period, when wood was transported along the river, a stem flow into this pool. A small snake (kojanome 小蛇) carried it in it mouth.
The man who made this observation later became a high fever, and soon all the other workers with the wood transportation also became very ill.

There is also a Nukafuchi in Akita near Yokote, related to Namahage legends of Akita.


- source : namahage.is.akita-u.ac.jp

. Akita　秋田県 Kappa Legends 河童 .



Nagoya 須佐男神社 Susano Jinja Shrine
and the かっぱ商店街　Kappa Shotengai Shopping Street
Once the Kappa from the nearby river helped a child which was drowning, so the villagers venerated him.

- reference : かっぱ商店街　名古屋 -

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 河童 -

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. Mascots マスコット　and Characters キャラクター .
Chubu 中部地方

Kappa kun カッパ君 Aichi 愛知県の県営水道

Kappa Oyako かっぱ親子 Kappa family - Aichi 愛知県美浜町/ かっぱの三人家族
- Kawataro 河太郎 / Hanachan 花ちゃん

Oise Kappa renjaa 笈瀬かっぱレンジャー Oise Kappa Ranger - from Oisegawa 笈瀬川, Nagoya 愛知県名古屋市

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Kappa Sushi Bullet Train



- Kappa Sushi in Aichi - reference

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #kappaaichi #zenwan #aichi -
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[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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rice offerings

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- Food and Drink with Kappa　食べ物 -
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- buppan 仏飯 Buddhist rice offerings -　
and other things a Kappa dislikes and fears　嫌物
imu 忌む things a Kappa has to avoid



Most families make a food offering every morning at the altar of the ancestors.
The ancestor deity enjoys the rice offering by looking and smelling at it.
After the offering is made to the ancestors and deities, it is eaten in gratitude by humans.
Rice is never wasted, not even a single grain of it.

When a human eats rice offerings, there emanate strong rays from his eyes. The Kappa is afraid of them and runs away. He can also not win at sumo wrestling with someone having eaten rice offerings.

There are many stories in Kyushu about the power of humans and even animals, after eating the rice offerings. and the Garappa is running away.

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A story from Nagasaki, Nakashimagawa river
長崎市桜馬場町の中島川 and Maruyama Koen Park 丸川公園

The river is also called 魔の川, a deadly river.
Until about 1918 the most favorite place for swimming was a pond for fire extinguishing purposes, about 12 meters long and 6 meters wide. The pond was 2 meters deep and had a stone wall around it of about 2 meters height. Trees were planted around it and it was good to relax here in summer.



But there were also water accidents and five people died here. At that time there were rumours of Kappa and Kawauso 川獺 otters pulling children into the water, so, to be on the safe side, all swimming was forbidden.

Grandfathers of the town still tell their children:
"If you eat the rice offerings and go to the river after that,
the Kappa will not be able to pull you in."
- source : eonet.ne.jp/~nagasaki


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- - - - - Other things that a Kappa does not like

ami 網 net
In some parts of Kagoshima the Garappe does not like nets. So the humans can wear a net to protect themselves when working along riversides.


ha 人間の歯 human teeth
In some regions in Kyushu Kappa is said to dislike human teeth.


hai、butsudan no hai 仏壇の灰 ashes from the family altar
The ashes of Buddhist offerings of incense are rubbed on the human body before starting a sumo wrestling match with a Kappa. Then the human will win.

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hi 火 fire
The water in the sara plate on a Kappa's head get dry, if there is fire. If there is not enough water in the plate, the Kappa gets weak.

. Kappa hi yaroo 河童火やろう "Kappa I will give you fire" .
legend from Akita

. Kappa hi o yaroo 河童火をやろう "Kappa I will give you fire" .
legend from Fukushima

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- hyootan 瓢箪 Hyotan gourd, calabash -

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kanamono 金物, kinzoku 金属 things made of metal

- quote
The Kappa’s fear of metal, especially iron can be traced to the role of megalithic beliefs in folklore.
An example of this would be the Chinese water spirit, chiao-dragon, who is frightened away by anything made of iron or the miners of Halmahera who would boil iron in their drinking water prior to consumption . . .
(Ishida and Yoshida 1950, 34).
- source : Ken Lim

If you hang some metal things like a sickle or a spade 鎌や鋤 at the door of the horse barn, the Kappa can not come in. Other people hang metal nails on the eaves. Farmers carry a metal sickle to protect themselves on the wet rice fields.
The Kappa especially does not like the flimmering and glittering of metal things in the sunshine.

In some regions in Kyushu it is customary after digging an irrigation pond to throw some metal things like a hatchet into it. This will prevent the Kappa from living in this pond and doing harm to the farmers.

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Kannon Bosatsu 観音菩薩 Kannon

. Garappa Don ガラッパドン of Kyushu .


. kasuri 絣 Kimono with Ikat pattern .


koke 苔　moss
If horses eat a bit from the moss growing on the grave of Lord Ozumi 大積隆鎮, a Kappa will not be able to pull them into water.
. Kappa legends from Fukushima .



. koojin 荒神 Kojin deity, "rough deity" .



. michikiri, michi-kiri 道切 cutting off a road with amulets .
to prevent a kappa or yokai from entering a village


. ogara おがら / 苧殻 hemp reeds .
. . . . . a kappa would die if he has to eat his rice with chopsticks made from
ogara hemp reeds - - - and asa 麻 hemp - 鹿の角や麻を忌む

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sasage ささげ （豆の一種) ササゲ sasage beans
Vigna unguiculata, 　十六大角豆　cowpea

才津川は、田沢湖町では、 “さずけ”とも呼ばれているそうです。
“小豆”と“ささげ”は違う豆ですから、/“さずけ”と“ささげ”とは関係ありません。
- source : www.rg-youkai.com/tales

needs further explanation - tba
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shika no tsuno 鹿の角 deer horn

Seems to be related to his fear of metal.
柳田國男の『山島民譚集（一）- Yagagita Kunio
河童が金属を忌む　/ 鹿の角や麻を忌む
- source : sunekotanpako

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There are legends in Tosa about this. If someone has to go into a Kappa river, he better fixes some deer horn on his body to prevent the Kappa from killing him and taking his liver away.

新版河童の世界 - By 石川純一郎
- source : books.google.co.jp

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Wakamiya Jinja 若宮神社
伊予国（愛媛県）の高山城主、宇都宮正綱 Ehime
The lord of the Takayama castle was Lord Utsunomiya Masatsuna (1447 - 1477)

The shrine is dedicated to Masatsuna.





Komainu statues of a Kappa at the Shrine gate

Once upon a time
the Lord was on his way home late in the evening. Suddenly felt something jumping on his back and clinging to it. He tried to get rid of it, but it clung strongly.
Yes, indeed, it was a Kappa in great pain, with tears in his eyes, who pleased with the Lord to carry him for a while.
The gentle Lord let the Kappa have its way.
On the next morning, in front of the castle gate, there was a large sea bream as an offering for him. Surely this was a present from the Kappa he had helped last night.

And then one day
a retainer fixed the horns of a deer at the gate to make it easier for the fish to be offered. But - oh wonder - there were no more fish from that day on.
The Kappa must really dislike the horns of a deer very much ! 河童は鹿の角が大嫌い.
The End
- source : sinsi/fukuda/kappa


. Three Legends from Wakamiya Jinja .


. komainu, koma-inu 河童狛犬 Kappa as lion dog .


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tadejiru, tade-jiru 蓼汁 soup from the water pepper plant
Polygonum hydropiper. The leaves are squeezed for a pungent hot soup.

from Kappa no Aramitama 河童の荒魂
Aramitama is the "rough spirit" of Amaterasu ōmikami.

At the riverbank 大淵 at Kurumeki town 久留女木 in Shizuoka a young monk from the Dragon Shrine / Dragon Palace helped the busy farmers with their work in the fields. The farmers offered him some soup from the water pepper plant 蓼汁, which he did not really like at all, and he died.
This gentle Kappa was kind enough to help the farmers.
- source : www.nichibun.ac.jp


A legend from Aichi 愛知県, Chita Hanto peninsula 知多半島 and Shikushima
The legend tells of the God of the Hearth, 竈神 Kamadogami and a Kappa.



Once upon a time
a Kappa lived on the lid of the kitchen stove 竈の蓋 of a good family. This Kappa, also callen Enko 猿侯, helped the family with their work. One day in a very hot summer, they prepared a soup from water pepper, which is a speciality of this region, and offered it to the Kappa. The soup was very bitter and the Kappa did not like it. Angry, he ran away.
After that the good fortune of the family declined rapidly.
- source : forumdoi.exblog.jp - ｶｯﾊﾟ・猿侯

. Deity of the Kitchen and the Hearth 竈神 .


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toomorokoshi トウモロコシ　/ とうもろこし maize, corn

河童　首が落ちた話　
By 芥川龍之介
- source : books.google.co.jp

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takenoko 竹の子 bamboo shoots

- quote -
story of Yagoro kappa which "Even the best swimmers can drown" was derived from, story that it was if kappa dislikes bamboo shoot,
- source : www.kurume-hotomeki -
Kuruppa - Kappa from Kuruma


Kappa no kondate 河童の献立 menu from Kappa

水神社にお客さんがあるときは、いつも前の日に、「河童の献立」と紙に書いて、
この石にと感心したそうです。「人間というものは、歯の強いモノだ」ベている神主さんを見て、ほんものの竹の子を そなえ、河童どもの皿の上には、老い竹の輪切りを盛ってあったので、平気で喰河
ごちそうの中には、かならず竹の子の輪切りがあったのですが、このとき神主さんのものだけは、 ...
日本の民話 - Volume 48 - Page 55


- reference -


This needs to be explored further.
tba

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tsuba, daeki 唾, 唾液 spittle

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It also works the other way, people dislike and fear the Kappa.

- quote -
Fear of kappa is phobia of kappa
The fear or phobia of kappa can produce both physical and physiological symptoms. In some cases, the physical symptoms are similar to those associated with typical anxiety disorder such as sweating, nervousness, nausea, rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing, increased blood pressure, and tightness in the chest. Some psychological symptoms may include panic, overwhelming fear or dread, as well as general emotional distress. Depression symptoms or depression disorder may also accompany the phobia of kappa or those like it. The depression could be a symptom of the phobia or an effect of the phobia and how it can change a person's day to day life.

A phobia like this one can affect anyone of any age, sex, race, or background. Some people may be more prone to phobias like this one or may experience more severe symptoms than others. Fear is a natural human feeling and anyone can develop a phobia.

The phobia of kappa can be treated.
Cognitive behavioral therapy is usually the most effective treatment for a phobia like this one. It is also used to treat certain anxiety disorders, depression disorders, and mood disorders. Through cognitive behavioral therapy, a person affected by this phobia will essentially "learn" to not fear kappa anymore. This will be achieved by changing the behavior of the person and the person's brain when they come in contact with or see kappa. This can be achieved without the use of anxiety medication, eventually a full recovery from this phobia is possible.

Commonly, people do not understand why they have a phobia of kappa. Fears like these can cause embarrassment and further anxiety because it's hard to understand why phobias like this arise. Many people may feel silly or fear that others will judge them for being afraid.

Fear and anxiety are natural parts of life, everyone is afraid of something and it is common for people to avoid the things that they are afraid of, especially when they feel what they fear may be potentially dangerous to them or those they care for. In the same sense, it is common for those with a phobia of kappa to avoid situations where they will be near them or see them.

Phobias like the phobia of kappa vary from person to person, some people who suffer from this will have severe anxiety attacks because of it and some will only have minor anxiety. What triggers this phobia will also vary depending on the person who suffers from it. Some only feel this fear when they are near kappa while some experience anxiety attacks associated with this phobia from simply seeing a picture of a kappa or thinking about one.

It's suggested that a person suffering from a phobia of kappa take steps to begin conquering this fear. For example, most who have this fear understand that it is illogical. They have no real or logical reason to feel this crippling fear. Even so, it continues to frighten them and affect their day to day lives. Beginning to understand this fear is a step in the right direction. Understanding a phobia is one of the first steps in being able to recover from it. After that, receiving treatment from a licensed specialist to help battle a phobia like this one is one of the best things a person can do. It may also be helpful to address other problems a person may have like anxiety, depression, or other phobias.
- source : phobiaof.com/kappax


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- reference -


. Garappa ガラッパ Garappa Don ガラッパドン of Kyushu .


. Buddhist food offerings (onjiki kuyoo 飲食 供養) .
- Introduction -


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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #kappabuppan #kappadislike #dislike-
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gourd hyotan

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- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ /　カッパ - ABC-Index -
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- hyootan 瓢箪 Hyotan gourd, calabash -

One of the things a Kappa does not like at all.
Gourds always swim on the surface of water, they are like a life belt, preventing things from sinking to the bottom of the water as easy pray for a Kappa.

There are various kinds of gourds in Japan.


source :　amazon.co.jp

河童之図（ひょうたん）Kappa painting : the Gourd
Honjoo Motoaki 本庄基晃 Honjo Motoaki


- quote -
Although the kappa is attracted to some foods of the uri, or melon, grouping - such as kyuri and kabocha - it is clear that it has an aversion to hyotan (gourds), which are also of the melon group.
Michael Dylan Foster

. Kappa and kyuuri キュウリ Kyuri, cucumber, Gurken .


. Things a Kappa dislikes or fears .

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. - Mizuchi, Medochi 蛟 water yokai monster - .

Early references
The ancient chronicle Nihongi contains the earliest references to mizuchi. Under the 67th year of the reign of Emperor Nintoku (conventionally dated 379 A.D.), it is mentioned that in central Kibi Province, at a fork on Kawashima River (川嶋河, old name of Takahashi River (高梁川) in Okayama Prefecture), a great water serpent or dragon (大虬) dwelled and would breathe or spew out its venom, poisoning and killing many passersby.

A man named Agatamori (県守), ancestor of the Kasa-no-omi (笠臣) clan, came up to the pool of the river, and threw in three calabashes which floated to the surface of the water. He then challenged the beast, saying he would quit the spot if it could sink these gourds, but slay it if it failed. The beast transformed into a deer and tried unsuccessfully to sink them, whereby the man slew the monster. The record goes on to say: "..He further sought out the water-dragon's fellows. Now the tribe of all the water-dragons filled a cave in the bottom of the pool. He slew them every one, and the water of the river became changed to blood. Therefore that water was called the pool of Agatamori"
(tr. Aston 1896:1,299).

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Kappa Muko-Iri 河童婿入り Kappa as son in law, The Kappa Bridegroom
hyootan and hechima 瓢箪やへちま

- quote -
. . . a farmer is suffering from a drought so he offers his daughter to anyone who can bring water to his fields. A kappa does this and the farmer, true to his word, gives him the hand [and all the rest] of his daughter to be his wife.
Naturally the woman is appalled and says she will be docile and obedient if the kappa can keep some gourds submerged. Try as he might he can’t and exhausted by the whole affair wanders off. So does the marriage.



The Kyūri vs. the Hyōtan – the Cucumber vs. the Gourd – 黄瓜 vs. 瓢箪:
A Freudian Interpretation

Michael Dylan Foster,
mentioned above, posits a completely Freudian approach to why kappas like cucumbers and are put off by gourds: Cucumbers are 98% water while gourds are hollow and dry. “In shape and in moisture content the cucumber clearly represents a fertility symbol . . . ” while the hyōtan is a threat to that potency. Another possibility is that both plants represent fertility because “ . . . kyūri is a symbol of the male aspect while the hyōtan, with its womb-like nature (and the fact that hyōtan often contain seeds), represents the female aspect.
Just as the kappa loses its potency upon spilling the water in its sara [the bowl-like shape at the top of its head], so the hyōtan, as a dry vessel that can contain and carry away liquid, may also represent to the kappa a potential loss of moisture and potency. The same sort of wet-dry . . .” hypothesis appears among the Indo-European and Semitic cultures.
- source : printsofjapan.wordpress.com - Vegder

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. Manga Nihon Mukashibanashi　まんが日本昔ばなし
河童　folktales about the Kappa .

kappa to hyootan かっぱとひょうたん Kappa and the Gourd
Japanese version of the above English story.

河童が娘を嫁にしようとするも、娘のほうが一枚上手だった
Kappa as bridegroom and the clever woman

昔、ひょうたんのような山のふもとに、貧しい爺さんと娘が住んでおりました。二人はその山に田んぼを作っていましたが、近くの淵に住む河童が田の水をすっかり抜いてしまいました。
爺さんは淵から水を運んでみたが、焼け石に水で、途方に暮れていました。しょんぼりしている爺さんの前に、河童が現れ「おまえの娘を嫁にくれれば水を引いてやる」と持ちかけました。
翌日、約束通り田んぼには水が入り、枯れかけていた苗も元通り元気になりました。 爺さんは河童との約束を果たすべく、娘にわけを話して嫁に行ってもらうようお願いしました。 泣いて頼む爺さんに、快く河童の所へ嫁入りすることを決心し、大きなひょうたん持って淵にでかけました。



淵に着いた娘は、「まず先にこのひょうたんを淵の中へ運んでください」と河童にお願いしました。しかし、その大きなひょうたんの浮力はすごく、河童はどんなに頑張っても淵の中に沈める事が出来ませんでした。河童は仕方なく娘を嫁にもらう事をあきらめ、田の水を抜いたのは自分だと白状し、淵の底へ逃げ帰っていきました。
それからというもの、河童はいつも田んぼに水を引いてくれるようになり、稲も丈夫に育つようになりました。娘はそのお礼にと、河童の大好物のきゅうりを淵に流してあげたそうです
- source : nihon.syoukoukai.com

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. hechima 糸瓜, 蛮瓜,布瓜 sponge gourd .


. カッパ封じ地蔵 Jizo subduing the Kappa - Legend .

Mountain Priest 堂丸総学 Domaru Sogaku heared about the water shortage and came to Mount Takatosan. He had been involved with wicked Kappa before and fought them with leaves of the gourd ヘチマの葉.
So he thought he could help the people by subduing the Kappa here too.

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Hyotan-ike no Kappa 瓢箪池の河童 Kappa of the Gourd-Pond

Once upon a time
a Kappa lived all alone in this pond. He longed for a friend all the time.
This is a stroy I heard from my grandpa.
The bad boys had to walk along this pond on the way to and from school.

. kappa ehon　河童絵本 picture books for children .

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kappa dorei 河童土鈴 clay bell with Kappa
- source : kappakyoto

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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

- reference -


. WKD - hyootan 瓢箪 gourd .
- Introduction -


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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #kappagourd #kappahyotan #kappahyootan -
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cucumbers

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- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ /　カッパ - Food -
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- kyuuri キュウリ Kyuri, cucumber, Gurken -

The favorite food of a Kappa are cucumbers.



- quote
Kappa folk also have a liking for cucumbers, a weakness that can be used to human advantage. According to one tale, an offering of cucumbers (on which are etched the name/age of family members) is enough to appease the Kappa, who thereafter will refrain from harming you and your family. Even today, cucumber sushi in Japan is called “Kappa-maki”.

Let us quote Michael Dylan Foster:
“One of the better known of the kappa's traits is its love of kyuri, or cucumbers. Many of the festivals associated with kappa include offerings of cucumbers (e.g., Takeda 1988,  and Orikuchi 1955,). Here again, the complexity of the kappa belief is apparent. As Takeda points out, there are some regions where it is believed that eating a cucumber and then swimming will lead to certain attack by a kappa, while in other areas it is a way to ensure protection against attack (Takeda 1988).
Other foods to which the kappa is partial include nasu (Japanese eggplant), soba (buckwheat noodles), natto (fermented soybeans), and kabocha (pumpkin).

Although the kappa is attracted to some foods of the uri, or melon, grouping - such as kyuri and kabocha - it is clear that it has an aversion to hyotan (gourds), which are also of the melon group.
The Nihon shoki passage cited above shows that the power of hyotan to confound the kappa was understood early on.
In one of the folktales involving kappa, the so-called kappa muko, or "kappa bridegroom tale" (Ikeda 1971), the same motif appears. A farmer, whose fields have dried up because of drought, offers his daughter to anybody who can irrigate them. A kappa succeeds in this task and receives the reluctant bride. The daughter, however, challenges the kappa to sink some gourds in the river. The kappa soon exhausts itself trying to complete this impossible task, and abandons the marriage.”
- source : Michael Dylan Foster






. - hyootan 瓢箪 Hyotan gourd, calabash and Kappa .

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Kappa as the Messenger of the deity Gion San



Gataro ガタロ Kappa
If people went swimming in the river during the Gion San 祇園さん（天王さん Gion Festival, the Gataro would pull them in the water, so swimming was not allowed during that time.
The Shrine crest of the Gion shrine was a cucumber cut in slices, a favorite food of the Kappa. So during that festival people were not allowed to eat cucumbers.


祇園さんの神紋 Gion Shrine Crest


. kamon 家紋 family crests .

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Kappa with cucumber



- source : umber.deviantart.com

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kappa tsuri, kappatsuri 河童釣 fishing for kappa
is always done with a cucumber.


source :　suuzki GN

Fishing for Kappa is especially popular in Tono, Iwate.

. Tono Monogatari 遠野物語 Legends of Tono, Iwate .



Hokusai has his own version of kappa fishing :



A man sits above his trap, holding the rope with one hand - and smoking his pipe leisurely.
When the Kappa, lured by the shirikodama anus treasure, comes close, he can capture the Kappa.

『北斎漫画』より「河童を釣るの法」 Hokusai Manga
- source : www.youkaiwiki.com


. - shirikodama . shirigodama 尻子玉 / 尻小玉 "soul ball in the anus" - .

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. - Netsuke with Kappa　河童根付　 - . 　　
Kappa - Stealing Cucumber


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Kyuuchan キューちゃん Kyu-Chan - The Town Mascot of Ushiku

"The Cucumber Boy"



He even gets a birthday cake !





And Kappa Senbei 河童せんべい are a speciality of the city.



茨城県牛久市田宮町45-10 ー　かっぱ本舗　
source :　www.kappa-honpo.com


. Ushiku 牛久 Kappa in Ibaraki .

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Kappa kids nibbeling cucumbers

- source : kizakura facebook 黄桜 カッパ -


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. . . CLICK here for Japanese Photos !




. . . CLICK here for "kappa cucumber" Photos !

- reference -


. WKD - kyuuri 胡瓜 (きゅうり) cucumber .
- Introduction -


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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #kappakyuuri #kappacucumber -
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Kappa-Do Hall

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- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ /　カッパ - Water Deity -
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- Kappadoo 河童堂 Kappa-Do Hall -
岐阜県岐阜市・岐阜護国神社 Gifu Gokoku Jinja




Kappa Daimyoojin 河童大明神 Kappa Daimyojin





Even the box for money offerings is in the form of a Kappa.
saisen ire 賽銭入れ






In the back of the compound there are many concrete walls with Kappa art.
コンクリートの壁に絵が掛けられていた




Look at many more photos !
- source : kodawarinikki

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- quote
Kappa Matsuri 河童祭 Kappa Festival Mid-July
Children offer cucumbers and have a sumo wrestling contest (相撲大会).
With prayers for avoiding water accidents and other disasters. Also praying for the health of the children.
- source : http://burari2161.fc2web.com/kaxtupa.html

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More photos of the shrine
- source : koalaの部屋
50代主婦の日記です

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岐阜市内護国神社の、片隅にある河童堂という河童







Many more Kappa photos
- source : photokasahara

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. . . CLICK here for Photos !


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There are various places with this name, not only shrines or temples.


- source : myreco.me/shop



- source : 旧式河童堂歳々ブログ


名刺作成-名刺通販の河童堂
気仙沼河童堂
旧式河童堂
河童堂かっぱちんのキッチン cooking

- reference -

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #kappa -
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Tetsugi Shrine

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- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ /　カッパ - Legends -
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- Tetsugi Jinja 手接神社 -
茨城県小美玉市世沢 Ibaraki

lit. "The Shrine of the Grafted Arm", see the legend below.



- source and photos : bouguya.exblog.jp

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Praying at this shrine will help heal problems with your hand and arms.

. - Kappa no kusuri カッパの薬 / 河童の薬 Kappa and medicine - .

There are many legends of a Kappa who had exchanged his arm for a special medicine and then died, but this legend comes in some versions.





- quote
Once upon a time
some say it was toward the end of the Heian period, on a late afternoon, the Lord Serizawa 芹澤氏　was riding alone along the banks of a river. A kappa lived in this river at that time.
Suddenly his horse stopped.
When the lord looked down he saw a Kappa pulling at its tail to get the horse into the water.



The Lord was taken by surprize.
"His must be the bad guy who is doing so much harm to the villagers all the time!"
He took his sword, grabed the tail of his horse and cut off the arm of the Kappa.
The Kappa had to jump back into the water without his arm and the hand with the web between the fingers 水掻き to make his such a good swimmer.

The Lord thought this arm of the Kappa was quite special and put it up on the shelf in the tokonoma 床の間 decoration alcove of his reception room.

Late at night a lone man knocked at his gate and asked for a lodging for this night.
His face was a pale green and he had only one arm.
The Lord did not want to ask the poor man about the reason for the missing arm and had a bed prepared for him. Then he went to sleep himself.



- - - BUT
at midnight, he felt the presence of another being and indeed, when he checked, the man was just trying to steal the arm of the Kappa from the shelf.

"Hey, so you are a thief after all!" he yelled at the man.
The man turned into a Kappa in no time, grabbed the arm on the shelf and tried to run out of the estate.

But the Lord, who was a strong man, caught the Kappa and bound him with a rope.
"At least now we know who you are, you vicious Kappa.
I will not allow you to harm my villagers any more, you bad bad Kappa!"

"Dear Lord, please forgive me, I will never be bad again. Please, please, let me go back to my river! I understand your anger very well, but you see, I have an old mother and if I do not come home to care for her, she will die too. Just thinking about her makes me so sad!"

When the Lord heard this story, he felt pity with the Kappa.
"Well, because of your mother I will forgive you for today. But you have to promise never to do any harm again. As a punishment for your misdeeds so far, I will keep this arm of yours!"

But the Kappa pleaded again. If he dose not get his arm back, he said, he can do nothing and not help his old mother and in the end, the Lord let him have the arm back.

"For the sake of your mother and since you seem to care so much for her (oya kookoo 親孝行),
I will let you have the arm back."
"Thank you so very much, my Lord. I will never forget you and pay you back a favor some time!"

Next morning - oh wonder - a huge carp was hanging from the branch of a tree in his garden.
And the following morning, - oh wonder - a huge eels was hanging on the branch.
And you guess, the following morning - oh wonder - a crucian carp (funa フナ) was hanging on the branch.

The Lord asked his retainers, but nobody had done this and nobody knew anything about this fish present.
A month went by, half a year went by, a year went by with a fish present hanging on the tree every morning.

Then came a very cold day of winter, with a strong cold gale blowing and on this morning, nothing was hanging on the branch.
"I wonder what happened to our fish provider. Maybe he is ill?"
And the Lord went down to the river to have a look.

When he looked down at the river from the bank, he saw something bobbing in the water.
When he came closer, he saw the dead body of the Kappa with o huge would on one of his arms.
And in his hand the Kappa was grabbing a huge huge carp.

When the Lord saw the hand grabbing the carp, he suddenly realized who had brought a fish to his garden every morning. It was the Kappa he had once spared the life!
So the Lord had a shrine build upstream to venerate and thank the Kappa for his daily presents-
the Tetsugi Jinja - lit. "The Shrine of the Grafted Arm".
The End.
- reference : isituka_mitiko


Another source quoted that the Kappa was also passing on the recipe for a medicine to heal wounds.
The family of Serizawa kept the medicine for many many generations, and after they lost their status as samurai, they made a living as doctors.
Serizawa Kamo 芹沢鴨 (? - 1863), of the Shinsengumi, was a member of this clan.
- reference : shittaka37.seesaa.net





The name of the bridge is also given as 手奪橋 Teubaibashi - bridge of the captured arm.
across the river 梶無川 Kajinashigawa.
（茨城県行方市玉造町芹沢橋)
The Kappa grabbed the horse's tail when the Lord rode over this bridge.
- reference : ameblo.jp/shokokai-namegata






The name of the Kappa is given as 七郎河童 Shichiro Kappa.

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source :　denebolaleonis.blog

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Serizawa Kamo 芹沢鴨 (1826? – October 30?, 1863)
was a samurai known for being the original lead commander of the Shinsengumi. He trained in and received a licence in the Shindō Munen-ryū. "Kamo" means goose or duck in Japanese which was an odd name to call oneself at the time.
His full name was Serizawa Kamo Taira no Mitsumoto (Serizawa=family name, Kamo=given name, Taira=family clan name, Mitsumoto=formal given name.)

The Serizawa family were upper-seat Goshi rank samurai in Serizawa village in Mito which is now the capital of Ibaraki Prefecture in Japan. Kamo was born as the youngest son and his childhood name was Genta. He had two older brothers and an older sister. He was educated with the Sonnō jōi ideals (meaning revere the Tenno (emperor) and expel the foreigners) and swordsmanship since childhood at Kodoukan which was a state school in Mito. Mito is a sub-branch of the Tokugawa family and it was considered the motherland of the Sonnō Jōi ideology and was a center of support for the Tennō and the Imperial court, which helped fuel the Revolution.



- maybe Zerisawa 芹沢鴨？

Although no portrait of Kamo remains, it is said he was a large man with very pale skin and small eyes.

On one hand, Serizawa was quite bold and fearless and on the other hand, he was extremely selfish and had a terribly short temper so he started fights often. If he was in a bad mood he would get violent, especially when he was drinking, and he was a heavy drinker.
He was an idealist who held very strong pro-Imperial court beliefs and took the Sonno-joi beliefs very seriously while at the same time siding with the Tokugawa regime. A small fact that is less well-known is that Serizawa was good at drawing and showed his drawings to children.
- source : wikipedia


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