Demon legends Shiga

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
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Shiga 滋賀県の鬼伝説　Oni Demon Legends

Have a drink with Oni beer while you read this!



「青鬼ピルスナー」Blue Demon and 「赤鬼レッドエール」Red Demon

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The most well known story is about Shuten Doji and the Demons of Oeyama.

. Shuten Dooji 酒呑童子 Shuten Doji "Sake Child" Demon
Shuten Dōji 酒顛童子, 酒天童子, 朱点童子 Saka Doji / "Demon Child" 鬼童 Kido .
Kidoomaru 鬼童丸、鬼同丸（きどうまる）Kidomaru
It is related to the famous demons of Oeyama 大江山.
And
Minamoto no Yorimitsu 源頼光 (948 – August 29, 1021), also known as Minamoto no Raikō
Oni no dookutsu 鬼の洞窟 Oni’s cave
Oni-take Inari Jinja (鬼岳稲荷神社)
Oni-iwa 鬼岩 Demon boulder - Hyogo
鬼越山　Onigoeyama - Ibaraki
Watanabe no Tsuna 渡辺綱 (953-1025) fights against a demon (Ibaraki doji)
鬼殺し Onikoroshi " killing the demon" - Sake
The demon 外道丸 Gedomaru lived a while at the foot of Mount Ibukiyama 伊吹山の麓 as 伊吹童子 Ibuki Doji and then moved on to Oeyama.

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dooji kirimaru 童子切丸 Doji Killer Blade
Name of the sword from Minamoto Raiko, used to kill 伊吹童子 Ibuki Doji.
(Below, there are other famous swords called Kirimaru.)



最上家伝来の宝刀「鬼切丸」/ Onimaru 鬼丸 - - Oni Kirimaru - "Demon cutter" of the Mogami clan
源氏重代の宝刀の一つ鬼切
- reference source : samidare.jp/yoshiaki -


The elder brother of Raiko, 美女丸 Bijomaru,
took the sword and became quite wild. His father 源光仲 Mitsunaka ordered 藤原仲光 Fujiwara no Nakamitsu to kill Bijomaru, but Nakamitsu killed his own son instead and presented it to Bijomaru. Bijomaru finally changed his wild ways and became a monk at 比叡山 Hieizan.

- quote -
美女丸　Bijomaru and 幸寿丸　Kojumaru (小童寺　Shodoji Temple)
There is a tragic tale told of Shodoji Temple located in Nishiuneno.
Minamoto-no-Mitsunaka, who was the Lord of Settsu and the person who built Tada-In （Tada Shrine） in the 10th century, sent his son, Bijomaru, to Nakayamadera Temple （Takarazuka City, to receive training to become a Buddhist priest. Bijomaru, however, spent all his time playing martial arts, and was not serious at all in his training to become a priest.
One day, when Bijomaru became 15 years old, his father, Mitsunaka asked him how much progress he made in his training. When Mitsunaka realized that Bijomaru could not read Buddhist scriptures, nor compose a tanka （a 31-syllable Japanese poem） nor play music, he became furious and ordered his chief vassal, Nakamitsu Fujiwara, to kill Bijomaru by cutting his head.
Nakamitsu was in big difficulties, since he could not take the life of a son of his lord.
As Kojumaru, one of the sons of Nakamitsu, knew the plight of his father, he told his father to kill him instead. Nakamitsu found Kojumaru join his hands in prayer, and close his eyes. Holding back his tears, Nakamitsu slew his son, and let Bijomaru secretly go off to Mount Hiei （Shiga Prefecture）.
Bijomaru later found out what had happened, and devoted himself to ascetic practices to become a priest. He became a high-ranking priest, called Genken-sozu, and built Shodoji Temple to enshrine the spirit of Kojumaru.
The temple of this legend is highlighted by ever-changing scenery of the seasons, from cherry blossoms in spring to vibrant yellows and reds in autumn.
- source : city.kawanishi.hyogo.jp -



source : MUROMACHI Nakayo
美女丸と幸寿丸


- A friend remarked:
... about Minamoto no Yorimitsu (raiko) and his father Mitsunaka ...
... until 1068 this family was 摂関　Sekkan (Sesshō+Kampaku), after it was Go-Sanjō-tennō (71th) and they took back the dictature until 1185
- anyway it means they were the highest level in the hierarchy
and the Minamoto-shi was Chinjufu-shōgun (so kokushi) meaning vassal of all the people of Fujiwara-shi.
So as the nippon-no-rekishi is very complex, this story is tricky, as a Fujiwara cannot be in the service of a Minamoto.
Any answers to this?


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hebi kirimaru 蛇切丸 serpent cutter sword

Niigata, 松之山町 Matsunoyama
The serpent wanted the princess of the pond 蒲生池 / 蒲生の池 Kamo-no-ike as his bride. But the Nakodo was refused. In his anger he killed all the members of the family.
He borrowed the famous serpent-cutting sword Hebikirimaru 蛇切丸 and fought with the enemy.

. nakōdo 仲人 Nakodo, legends about matchmakers .




宝剣蛇切丸 宇佐神社 Usa Jinja, Kagawa, Sanuki town



歌川芳艶　Utagawa Yoshitsuya (1822 - 1866)


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kumo kirimaru 蜘蛛切丸 spider cutter, spider-killing sword

The sword Kimaru, Onimaru 鬼丸 used to kill the Tsuchigumo monster 土蜘蛛退治.
This sword is also called Hizamaru (膝丸)

- quote -
There are various theories to the story of the tsuchigumo, and in the Heike Monogatari, there is as following (they were written as 山蜘蛛).
When Yorimitsu suffered from malaria, and lay on a bed, a strange monk who was 7 shaku (about 2.1 meters) tall appeared, released some rope, and tried to capture him. Yorimitsu, despite his sickness, cut him with his famous sword, the Hizamaru (膝丸), causing the monk to flee. The next day, Yorimitsu led his Four Guardian Kings to chase after the blood trail of the monk, and arrived at a mound behind shrine Kitano jinja where there was a large spider that was 4 shaku wide (about 1.2 meters). Yorimitsu and the others caught it, pierced it with an iron skewer, and exposed it to a riverbed. Yorimitsu's illness left him immediately, and the sword that cut the spider was from then on called the Kumo-kiri (蜘蛛切り, spider-cutter).
The true identity of this tsuchigumo was said to be an onryō of the aforementioned local clan defeated by Emperor Jimmu.
This tale is also known from the very fifth noh, "Tsuchigumo."
- source : wikipedia -



歌川国義　Utagawa Kuniyoshi


- quote -
the sword Onimaru 鬼丸
Onimaru is one of the 'Tenka-goken', the five famous swords of Japan.
Its legend is about an ogre which made Hojyo Tokiyori, 5th regent in Kamakura era, suffer from nightmares. One night, he saw a dream of an old man, who turned out to be a spirit of the katana. After following the his advice in real world, the katana fell down and cut down the silver decoration of an ogre.
Since then, he never saw a nightmare again.
Imperial Household Agency is currently keeping this Onimaru. Unfortunately, it has only been displayed three times.
- source : wasa-bi.com/topics -


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kishin 鬼神 "Demon Deity"

Once Fujiwara no Chikata used his four Demon Deities to haunt travellers in the region.
But Tamuramaro came to punish him.

. Sakanoue no Tamuramaro 坂上田村麻呂 (758 - 811) .
... a general and shogun of the early Heian Period of Japan.


Fujiwara no Chikata no Yonki 藤原千方の四鬼 The four demons of Fujiwara Chikata



- quote -
Fujiwara no Chikata - kutsu 窟 cave (Takao, Iga City)
This is the castle of Fujiwara no Chikata, who appears in the Taiheiki, or Records of Great Peace.



In the Heian Period, noble family Fujiwara no Chikata started war with the imperial court, used the
yonki (four devils: kinki 金鬼 gold devil, fuuki 風鬼 wind devil, suiki 水鬼 water devil,
ongyoki 隠形鬼 / 怨京鬼 stealth devil, invisible devil)
to distress the imperial armies.
The waka poem of 紀朝雄 / 紀友雄 Kinotomo, who had come to put down Fujiwara no Chikata, said
“All things, whether grass or tree, are ruled by the Emperor,
and not even a devil can turn his back to the Emperor and live in this land”
to disperse the four devils and Fujiwara no Chikata was defeated. The four devils are said to have been the original archetype for ninja.
The Chikata monument was built in 1760, and commemorates Fujiwara no Chikata and Wakamiya deities.
- source : iganinja.jp/en/place/spo -
(Others say these devils have been kori 狐狸 foxes or badgers.)



- - - More in the Japanese WIKIPEDIA !

. kitsune to oni 狐と鬼　伝説 Legends about fox and demon .

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kijin 鬼人 "human demon"

Once upon a time
King Ashoka (阿育王 Aiku-O) from India asked a human demon to throw three rocks to 琵琶湖 lake Biwako in Japan.
This is the beginning of an island called Shiraishi 白石島 "white stone island".



沖の白石 Oki no Shiraishi - rocks in the middle of Lake Biwako
There are now four rocks, sticking out from about 80 meters below the water level.
Now a favorite resting place for birds, which turned the rocks white from bird droppings.


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蒲生郡 Gamou district 日野町 Hino

At the shrine 綿向神社 Watamuki Jinja there is an ema 絵馬 votive tablet of a half-naked woman, only clad in koshimaki 腰巻 waste wrapper, and an Oni with only a fundoshi 褌1丁 male underware doing a bout of 相撲 sumo wrestling.
- If any one can locate this ema, please share ! -



馬見岡綿向神社 Umamioka Watamuki Jinja
滋賀県蒲生郡日野町村井711　 / 711 Murai, Hino-chō, Gamou-gun, Shiga

- quote -
Umamioka Watamuki Shrine at the foot of Mt. Watamuki in Hino Town, Shiga Prefecture, is a historic shrine founded in 545. The enshrined deities are Amenohonohi no Mikoto, Amenohinadori no Mikoto and Takemikumaushi no Mikoto.
It was originally founded at the top of Mt. Watamuki and was transferred to the present place in 796.
The spring festival of the shrine
"Hino Festival” held on May 2 to 4 every year is the most gorgeous festival on the eastern side of Lake Biwa. The festival dates back to 1170, since when ancient rituals and customs have been passed down to the present time.
On the main festival day on May 3,
a lot of Shinto rites are performed in traditional ways. The highlight is the parade with the 3 holy children and the guarding attendants in samurai costumes in the lead, who are followed by a sacred horse, shrine priests and the 3 mikoshi from the attached shrines and sumptuous 16 festival floats, which were donated by wealthy Omi merchants about 130 to 200 years ago. The festival is prefecturally designated as an intangible cultural property.
- source : nipponkichi -


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伊香郡 Ika district 西浅井町 Nishiazai

kimon 鬼門，忌門 the Demon gate
When building a new home, people have to take great care in the Northern direction .

. kimon 鬼門 the Demon Gate .
The north is considered an un-auspicious region and needs protection from real and imagined enemies, fiends and demons. 　


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甲賀市 Koga town 甲南町 Konan

oniban 鬼 / オニバン
Ganzan Daishi was explaining the sutras. To drive out the akuma 悪魔 devil he transformed himself into an Oni.
Amulets with this figure are now used for healing purposes (病気平癒・虫除け).



. Ganzan Daishi, Gansan Daishi 元三大師 .
Ryōgen 良源 Priest Ryogen (912 – 985)


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大津市 Otsu

. Otsu-E 大津絵 Oni Paintings from Otsu - Gallery .
Oni no nenbutsu, nembutsu　鬼の念仏 Demon saying Amida prayers
鬼の寒念仏 demon praying in the cold and more Oni motives .

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At the temple 明王院 Myo-O-In in the village of 葛川 Kuzugawa there is an ema 絵馬 votive tablet showing an aka-oni 赤鬼 red demon with white fundoshi ふんどし underpants and a waist wrapper made from 豹の毛皮 panther skin. His opponent is a huge man with strong muscles, all naked. They have a rope around the neck
kubihiki 首引き and pull in a contest of strength, a kind of "Neck tug of war".

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kishin 鬼神 "Demon Deity" - waka no toku 和歌の徳 -
At Karasaki there is a famous 唐崎の松 matsu pine tree.



Once it was about to wither but through the power of Waka poetry the Kishin was moved and helped it to regain its lush green color.

. Matsuo Basho visiting Karasaki .
The pines of Karasaki are another of the famous eight landscapes of Omi (omi hakkei　近江八景） Eight Views of Omi Province.


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高島市 Takashima town

ura kimon 裏鬼門 the back-side kimon deomn gate
The kitchen entry and main pillar of the home are the KIMON.Taking the opposite direction is the ura kimon.
There in the garden you should not plant anything, because that will cause bad luck.

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高島郡 Takashima district マキノ町 Makino

onibaba 鬼婆 demon hag
She invites travellers to stay over night in her home and then kills and eats them.

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -
- reference - 滋賀県の鬼　-

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. Sumoo　相撲 　Sumo wrestling - Introduction .


sumoo 鬼の相撲 Sumo wrestling of the Demons



地獄谷 鬼と熊の相撲 Oni and a bear doing a bout of Sumo at a hot spring in Noboribetsu, Hokkaido.

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群馬県　Gunma　草津　the hot spring of Kusatsu

Oni no Sumoba 鬼の相撲場　The Devil's Sumo Ring




source :　blog.livedoor.jp/kusatsu932

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岐阜県 Gifu 和良村 Waramura

Once upon a time at night, 赤鬼と青鬼 the red Oni and the blue Oni were doing a bout of Sumo near a cliff.
The red Oni fell down. When the villagers looked the next morning, there was a dead human.
This must have been the bad doing of a fox.

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山形県 Yamagata 真室川町 Mamurogawa

Once upon a time a husband went hunting at night. When he came back he found that his pregnant wife had been eaten by an 鬼婆 Onibaba Hag. But she had not eaten the baby in her belly. The child grew up to become a big, strong man. He went after the Onibaba, gave her iron bullets to eat and killed her. Finally he had taken revenge at the enemy of his mother !
They say he was the ancestor of Sumo wrestlers.
And the Onibaba turned out to be a dead fox.

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鍾馗と鬼の相撲　Shoki and the Demon doing a bout of Sumo.

. Shooki 　鍾馗　Shoki The Demon Queller .

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -


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kubihiki 鬼の首引き neck tug of war of the demons - a special kind of Sumo



This is maybe the first children's book where 鬼の娘 the daughter of an Oni is the hero. She was supposed to have her first meal of a human 「お食い初め」and the story tells about the ruses the human, a young man, who tries to survive. He has to win a neck tug of war with many Oni.
Text by 岩城範枝 / Illustrations by 井上洋介

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Yanagi Soetsu Muneyoshi 柳宗悦 (1889-1961)
wrote about 大津絵 Otsu-E paintings and Oni at the rituals during Setsubun 追分絵.
One of them was the neck tug of war.

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福島県 Fukushima いわき市 Iwaki

At the 住吉神社 Sumiyoshi Shrine there is an ema 絵馬 votive tablet.
On the left side of the rope sits a strong man with a sword at his side, and a hachimaki 鉢巻 headband.
On the right side sits an Oni with protruding eyes.

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朝比奈義秀の鬼の首引き Asahina Yoshihide

. Asahina Saburo Yoshihide - 朝比奈三郎義秀 - 13th century .
Asahina's name is associated with some incredible feats.





- More ONI carvings on this festival float 「だるま連」屋台彫刻 :
正面鬼板・懸魚「鍾馗の鬼退治」
- reference source : asdk.sakura.ne.jp/fukude -

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source : hokuriku.my-fav.jp/event

俵屋宗達 Tawaraya Sotatsu (around 1620)

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武士と鬼の首引 Bushi and Oni Kubihiki
and
Bushi and Tengu Sumo 武士と天狗の相撲
菱川師宣 Hishikawa Moronobu (around 1695)

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -


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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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Demon Legends Oita

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. chinoike 血の池 と伝説 Legends about "blood ponds" .
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Oita 大分県の鬼伝説　Oni Demon Legends

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別府 Beppu, a well-known hot spring area

chinoike 血ノ池 Chi-no-Ike - "The Blood Pond"



- quote -
This is Japan's oldest natural hot spring.
Chinoike-jigoku is a pool of red hot mud and has been in Beppu City, Oita Prefecture, for over 1300 years.



People in Japan's past named the Onsen Chinoike-jigoku 血の池地獄, the "Blood Pond Hell", based on an image of hell found in Buddhism.
- reference source : Jigoku-meguri (Hell Tour) in Beppu -


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chinoike nankoo 血ノ池軟膏 Chi-no-Ike skin cream



The bottom mud from the Red Pond is sold as a cream for sore skin.




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Kijima 鬼島 Demon Island in Beppu

A legend from the times of Kobo Daishi:

Once a farmer did not give a sweet persimmon to Kobo Daishi as he passed by on his pilgrimage. So the venerable Daishi turned the tree into 渋柿 bitter persimmons to teach the farmer a lesson.
This kind of happening is passed on by villagers in various regions in Japan.


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kichoo 鬼鳥 "demon bird"

When a woman dies during childbirth, she becomes a ghost called ubume ウブメ.
The ghost walks around, holding her baby 夜行遊女, and this is called "Demon Bird". From her hips down the is dressed in bloody robes. Eventually she wears a different robe and becomes a bird. Then she starts to harm the children of other mothers.

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豊後高田市 Bungo Takada

Once upon a long, long LONG time - 昔の昔のその昔ずーっと昔のその又其昔
There lived a family of four in a poor man's house. When the mother had gone out, a 鬼婆 Onibaba Demon Hag changed her features to look like mother, came inside and ate the baby. The two other elder children saw it and tried to run away in fear. From heaven a chain came down to let the children escape, but when the Onibaba tried to grab the chain, it wound around her neck and strangled her to death.


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日田市 Hita city 渡里 Watari

. the head of an Oni demon is burried. .


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直入郡 Naoiri district

Once upon a time, the bottom of the 阿蘇の盆地 Plain of Aso was a lake.
A demon tried to fill the lake with earch and carried earth to the place, but he broke the pole of his carrier. The earth fell down and this became 上萩岳 Upper Ogidake mountain and下萩岳 Lower Ogidake mountain.



The Demon became angry and pressed against the boulder 不動岩 Fudo-Iwa but could not move it. Since that time, there are the remains of the demon's head, back and both hands on the boulder.

There is also boulder in the form of a bridge. Legend knows that once upon a time, a Demon had to built it in one night, but when the cock crowed, the bridge was not finished and . . .


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大分市 Oita city

Oni no ido 鬼の井戸 the Demon well
A demon helped the blacksmiths from Takada dig the well.


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大野郡 Ono district　長谷川村　Hasegawa

Once upon a time, there lived a demon on this side of the river, and he liked to have shouting contests with the demon on the other side.
Once they both went over to 日高の高千穂 Takachiho to get a human being. This is now called the oni no ie 鬼の家, house, family of the demon. Many members of this family have fangs.


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佐伯市　Saiki

鬼ケ原のゆうれい　. 鬼ケ原の幽霊 The Ghost of Onigahara



a rather long story:
- reference source : saiki.tv/~p360/densetu -


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臼杵郡 Usuki district

If people hit their 茶碗 chawan rice bowl with the chopsticks, a gaki 餓鬼 hungry demon is coming to visit the family.
So all are careful not to hit their bowls.


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由布院町 Yufuin

鬼が一夜で造った石段　 A demon made the stone stairs in just one night

Once the Kami deity wanted to drive out the demon so that humans could live in the region. He told the demon to count to 100 until the cock was crowing.
The demon counted fast and was already at 99, when the deity hit a 箕 winnow and imitated the sound of a cock. So the demon had to leave the region.



Another version
tells that the oni was asked to built a staircase with 100 steps and built 100 houses, but the demon could not finish before the cock crowed.
This is the Tsukahara densetsu 塚原伝説 Tsukahara legend.
- reference source : d-b.ne.jp/siga/tokusen/minwa -

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk Art from Japan .

. chinoike 血の池 と伝説 Legends about "blood ponds" .

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Demon legends Shimane

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
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Shimane 島根県の鬼伝説 Oni Demon Legends

Izumo is a region rich of legends:
. Izumo Fuudoki 出雲風土記 "Records of Wind and Earth" .
The Records of Izumo, Izumo Fudoki, where written about 733.



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. ushi oni, ushioni, gyuuki 牛鬼 "bull-demon" - Introduction .



A well-known ushi-oni is a massive, brutal sea-monster which lives off the coast of Shimane Prefecture and other places in Western Japan and attacks fishermen. It is often depicted with a spider- or crab-like body. This ushi-oni seems to be connected to another monster called the nure-onna 濡れ女 / 濡女 , who sometimes appears before an ushi-oni attack and tricks the victim into holding her child, which then becomes a stone stuck to the person's hands and grows heavier in order to hinder escape.
In Iwami Ginzan (Shimane) the story goes on about a young samurai who held the heavy stone baby.
A famous sword in his family suddenly flew into the sky, cut off the head of the demon and cut the body into nine pieces.

If it rains for a long time in Shimane, the Ushioni starts to show up under bridges. Once a man passed a bridge and saw a white light flickering there. After he had passed the bridge the flickering kept hovering around him. People in the neighbourhood who saw this thought the Ushi-Oni was the reason for it.
Another word for this monster in local dialect is
オシミ （牛鬼） oshimi (ushioni) .
The more people try to get rid of the flickering by shaking their sleeves, the more it clings to them. To get rid of it one has to get some urin on the hands and splatter that around.


. Nure-onna 濡女 "Wet Woman" .


Kaikidan Ekotoba 怪奇談絵詞
Nure-onna 濡女 "Wet Woman" was a dragon with a snake's body and a woman's head.
She was typically seen while washing her hair on a riverbank and would sometimes kill humans when angered.


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安濃郡 Ano district 太田町 Otamachi

Once a man went fishing in the evening, when the Nure-Onna appeared. She gave him a baby to hold and disappeared. He threw the baby away and fled, but Ushi-Oni came right after him. He managed to take shelter in a farmer's house and was safe.


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知夫郡 Chibu district 知夫村 Chibu village

Once a brave man was on his way to 伊勢神宮 Ise Shrine with a lot of money for offerings, but an Oni in the form of the 庚申 Koshin Deity took all his money away. But it was just a wicked person clad like Koshin. When the Deity heard the story, he hurried to give the money back to the brave man.

. The Koshin Deity 庚申 .


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出雲市 Izumo city

Fishermen at the coast are often called Yasha 夜叉 Demons in the local dialect.
Yasha were seen as demons, sometimes female ones. People in mountainous regions call them 鬼 Oni.

. Yasha 夜叉 - the Twelve Heavenly Generals 十二神将 .


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石見の国 Iwami no Kuni

nure onna to ushi-oni ぬれ女と牛鬼
Once upon a time in the land of Iwami
there lived a samurai named 森山玄蔵 Moriyama Genzo, who liked to go fishing at night.

むかしむかし、石見の国(いわみのくに→島根県)に、森山玄蔵(もりやまげんぞう)という侍がいました。
玄蔵は大変な釣り好きで、ひまさえあると、釣りに出かけます。
さて、ある夏の事、玄蔵は夕方から磯へと夜釣りに出かけました。
その日はどうしたわけか、次から次へと魚が釣れる日で、またたく間に、びくの中は魚でいっぱいになりました。
「こんなに釣れるとわかっていたら、もっとでっかいびくを持ってくるんだったな」
これ以上は釣っても持って帰れないので、玄蔵が引き上げようとしたら、後ろにだれか立っていました。
「おや？」
と、振り向いてみると、だれもいません。
「おかしいな」
そう思って、もう一度前に向き直ったら、なんと目の前の海に、ずぶぬれの女が赤ん坊を抱いて立っているのです。
月の光に照らされた顔は、まるで死人のように青白です。
玄蔵は逃げ出そうとしましたが、足がひきつり、動く事が出来ません。
女は、まるで海の上を歩くようにして、玄蔵のそばにやってきた。
そして、ぞっとするほど冷たい声で言いました。
「すみません。この子が、お腹をすかせて困っています。どうか、魚を一匹やってくださいな」
「や、や、やるとも」
玄蔵は震える手で、釣りあげたばかりの魚を女に手渡しました。
そして女が、その魚を赤ん坊に持たせるとどうでしょう。
赤ん坊は、いきなり魚の頭にかぶりつき、骨ごとバリバリと、またたく間に食べてしまったのです。
「すみません。もう一匹」
玄蔵は、びくごと女にわたしました。
すると赤ん坊は、バリバリ、ムシャムシャ、ペチャペチャと、口のまわりを血だらけにして、びくの中の魚を一匹残らずたいらげてしまったのです。
あまりの恐ろしさに、玄蔵は、もう気絶しそうです。
「すみませんが、ちょっとこの子を抱いてくれませんか？」
玄蔵は嫌がりましたが、女は玄蔵に赤ん坊を無理矢理おしつけたかと思うと、すうっと海の中に消えてしまいました。
玄蔵は、あわてて赤ん坊を投げようとしましたが、赤ん坊は胸にしっかりとしがみついて、どうやっても離れてくれません。
「とにかく、ここを逃げ出さなくては」
玄蔵は赤ん坊を抱いたまま、夢中で駆け出しました。
そしてようやく岩場を抜けて海辺の道へ出たとき、後ろから、ひづめの音が近づいてきました。
「あっ、牛鬼！」
ふりかえった玄蔵の前に、鬼の顔をした牛の化け物が、角をふりかざしながらやってきます。
「だ、だれか～！」
玄蔵は、声をふりしぼって叫びました。
そのころ玄蔵の家では、奥さんが一人で留守番をしていました。
座敷の方から、ガタガタと、おかしな音がするので、中をのぞいてみると、主人が大切にしている床の間の刀が、一人であばれているのです。
「これはもしや、主人の身に、何かあったにちがいない」
気の強い奥さんが表の戸を開けて外へ出ようとしたら、床の間の刀がさやから抜けて、矢の様に飛び出して行きました。
刀は空に舞い上がると、そのまま海辺にむかって一直線に飛んでいきます。
「どうか、主人をお守りください」
奥さんは、刀に向かって手を合わせました。
そのとき玄蔵は牛鬼に追いつめられ、するどい角でいまにもひと突きにされようとしていました。
「もうだめだ！」
玄蔵が思わず目をつむった瞬間、
「ぎゃあ！」
目の前で、ものすごい叫び声がしました。
それと同時に、玄蔵の胸から赤ん坊が落ちました。
恐る恐る目を開けてみると、牛鬼の首に、自分の刀が突き刺さっているではありませんか。
「助かった」
玄蔵は腰が抜けて、その場にへなへなと座り込んでしまいました。
次の朝、玄蔵が村人たちと一緒に昨日の海辺へ来てみると、牛鬼も赤ん坊の姿もなく、血の跡が、てんてんと海まで続いていたそうです。
ぬれ女とは海の岩場に住むお化けで、必ず、牛鬼を連れて現れるという事です。
oshimai - The END
- reference source : hukumusume.com/douwa/pc -


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鹿足郡 Kanoashi district 日原村 Nichihara village

On the evening of Setsubun the 出雲に鬼 demons of Izumo come out. The God of Izumo sits on his bronze horse and drives them away with his bow and arrow.
On this day the people of Izumo do not go outside to see him.
Once a curious old hag peeked out from a small hole, but the Deity saw her and hit her eye with his arrow.


shinba 神馬 the divine horse from Izumo


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那賀郡 Naka district 浅利村 Asari village (Present day 江津市浅利町）

Once upon a time the local Shrine priest went fishing in the evening, when the Nure-Onna gave him a baby to hold. He tried to throw it away, but it stuck to his hands. Finally Ushi-Oni came running after him. The priest run for his life, but suddenly he saw a white flash of light hitting the head of the Ushi-Oni. Later he understood that it was the sword from his Shrine that had come to his rescue.


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迩摩郡 Nima district

Once an old man took his small fishing boat and went out at night. An Ushi-Oni came after him, but he caught the demon and tried to birng him to his home. But near his fishing hut the Ushi-Oni fled. A young man who was watching tried to hit the Ushi-Oni and managed to cut off its head. But when they looked closer it was just 椿の古根 an old root of a 椿の古根 tsubaki camellia tree.

- - - Some researchers say the real origin of this monster is a root of a camellia tree (tsubaki no ne).
This tree is sacred in many parts of Japan. Ushi-Oni is in fact a local deity turned demon.
Camellia trees grow in many parts along the beaches and peninsulars, being brought there by the waves of the sea. Camellia flowers blossom at the border to the other world.

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西ノ島町 Nishinoshima town

Oniko 鬼子 Child of a Demon
The local people here never have a wedding ceremony on the Koshin day.
They say a child conceived on the Koshin day will either become a Demon Child or 蛇の子 the child of a serpent.


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仁多郡 Nita district 大馬木川 Omaki River

oni no shitaburui 鬼の舌震 shaking of the Demon's tongue



- quote -
A valley filled with massive, peculiarly-shaped rocks; a reminder of the primeval age
Oni No Shitaburui is a valley in the midstream of Omaki River.
You will never get tired watching the clear water flowing sometimes fast, sometimes slowly, between massive rocks. The valley is surrounded with abundant nature that looks different in different seasons. You can also enjoy the scenery on the walking path.

There is a legend explaining the origin of the name of the place.
Once upon a time, a small shark (wani ワニ) fell in love with a princess living in a village, and visited the village every day over the Sea of Japan. The princess felt sick of this and stemmed the water with a large rock to stop the shark, but the shark continued to admire the princess. It is said that the current name is a corruption of wani no shita buru (meaning the shark in love).

On both sides of the valley are steep cliffs, and the rows of massive, peculiarly-shaped rocks are a spectacular sight. There is a dam downstream, and you can enjoy fishing. The barrier-free walking path is suitable for wheelchairs and baby strollers. The Izumo area is a land of myths. Imagine the ancient days in the freely-growing trees forming a scene like a virgin forest of the primeval age.
- source : jnto.go.jp/eng/spot/natuscen -


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大原郡 Ohara district 阿用郷 （アヨ）Ayo village (now 大東町 Daito town)

This is maybe the oldest mention of an ONI in Japanese records.



Once upon a time
there lived a wild demon, who was very large and had only one eye. He appeared in the fields and when the farmers were busy, he took away their child and begun to eat it. The farmer and his wife hid in the bamboo forest in great fear and could not do anything to help. They trembled and the bamboo swayed, making quite a sound. When the child heard the sound, it begun to shout "
「アヨ、アヨ（動いたよ、動いたよ）」 Ayo! Ayo! (It's moving.)
This is how the region became its name.
- reference source : kotodama.日本伝.com -

This legend is mentioned in the Izumo Fudoki:
- quote -
the inhabitants of the Central Land who are not subjugated "ashiki," or evil gods. In Izumo fudoki, a one-eyed A appears in a reclaimed land in the community of Ayo of Izumo Province (present-day Shimane prefecture) and devours a man (Akimoto 238-39).
Komatsu Kazuhiko writes,
"People who had different customs or lived beyond the reach of the emperor's control" were considered some form of oni ("Supernatural Apparitions and Domestic Life in Japan" 3). This concept is actually not unique to Japan.
Targets of subjugation and different ethnic groups that do not assimilate the precepts of hegemonic authority are described as %, by the Han race even before the period of Six Dynasties (220-589) in China (Li 427). It is not certain, however, whether the character, was pronounced as oni or mono. Indeed, the character is rendered as mono in Man'yoshu (Ten Thousand Leaves, ca. eighth century).
There exists no definitive example of the term "on" in the ancient literature (Tsuchihashi 94-95).
- source : archive.org/stream/JapaneseDemonLore -


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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
- reference - 鬼　島根県　-

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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Onipedia Demons of Japan

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters .
. Legends about Oni - Regional list .
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Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - Index -
- - Table of Contents - -
Dämonen von Japan - 日本の鬼の研究　-鬼学入門 -
mamono　魔物　ogre


- Shrine Ho-Un no Miya 宝雲宮 Katsuyama -

The demons have played an important role in Japanese folklore. In the past without electricity or Internet, nights were dark and frightening, especially in the ancient cities.
Oni demons help to explain many natural phenomenon.
They are part of many rituals and rites.
Many Oni hang around places of departure and divide, like city gates, rivers and bridges, crossroads or mountain passes.

The demons of the Buddhist hell are a special group, and are quite fearful in the imagination of humans.
. jigoku no oni 地獄の鬼 demons of the Buddhist hell .

A counterpart of Oni is the AKUMA 悪魔, translated as Devil (but a bit different from the Christian image of THE Devil (Teufel) or Satan.)
evil spirit, fiend, ...


. Oni 鬼　Demon art motives - Gallery .
. chawan 茶碗　tea bowls and rice bowls .
. dorei どれい / 土鈴 clay bells .
ｆヴぉｔヴぉ. hariko 張子 papermachee dolls .
. kokeshi こけし wooden dolls .
. maneki neko, manekineko 招き猫 beckoning cat demon .
. tsuchi ningyoo 土人形 tsuchiningyo clay dolls .
. tsurushibina つるし雛 / 吊るし雛 small hanging hina dolls .
. yakimono 焼物 pottery with Oni .

. - - - ONI 鬼 - words starting with ONI - - - .


. reference, books and links about ONI .

Oni with individual names are marked with *****.
The character for oni 鬼 is also read as KI.

- - - - - This is a growing list, please come back !
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. Ainodake 間ノ岳の鬼面雪形 Demon face in the snow .

. Akagi 赤城山の鬼と榛名山の鬼 Mount Akagi and mount Haruna legends . **

. akuma no Daruma 悪魔 Daruma the Devil .
- investigating the Christian concept of Devil / Satan versus the Japanese akuma　

. akaoni, aka-oni 赤鬼 red demon .
..... Aka-Oni 赤鬼 - - - Ii Naomasa 井伊直政, (1561 – 1602)

. Amanojaki, Amanojaku 天邪鬼　あまんじゃき "heavenly evil spirit " . - "heavenly evil spirit"
天探女（あまのじゃく） - Amanosagume / 天探女（あめのさぐめ）/ 天佐具売 Amenosagume
Amanojaku statue in the eaves at temple 岩船寺 Gansen-Ji, Kyoto
Amanojaku no Chikaramizu 天邪鬼の力水 Power-giving water / Kobo Daishi 弘法大師 and Amanojaku
a very special Jaki.

. Amewakahiko, Ame-Waka-Hiko 天若日子 / 天稚彦 Ame no wakahiko .
Oni Dragon Deity

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- - - - - -　animal names with ONI

. oni yanma 鬼やんま devil's dragonfly .
Anotogaster sieboldii


. genjuu 幻獣 Genju, mysterious creature, cryptid. Kaiju .
kitsuneoni, kitsune-oni 狐鬼　fox-demon
kumaoni, kuma-oni 熊鬼 bear-demon
- - - - - onikuma oni-kuma 鬼熊 Demon-Bear Yokai
nekooni, neko-oni 猫鬼 cat-demon
torioni, tori-oni 鳥鬼 "bird demon" - bird skulls with horns


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. aooni, ao-oni 青鬼 blue demon / green demon .

. Aoni shuuraku 青鬼集落 "Green Demon" Aoni village, Nagano .
Aoni Hokujō, Hakuba-mura, Kitaazumi-gun -青鬼神社　Aoni Jinja （Aooni Jinja )
善鬼大明神 Zenki Daimyojin （御善鬼様 O-Zenki Sama) - The Benevolent Demon
O-Zenki no Yakata お善鬼の館 Mansion of Zenki - Museum

. araoni, ara-oni 荒鬼 "wild demon" .

Architecture and Oni vocabulary *
- source : JAANUS - keyword 鬼

***** . Ayo no sato no oni 阿用郷の鬼 from Izumo, Shimane .



. Bakemono, O-Bake お化け Ghosts and Demons .

beer - named oni
- Shiga

. Benevolent and helpful Oni 優しい鬼　yasashii oni .

Beppu　別府　Oni legends and articles - see Oita

. Boston Museum of Fine Arts - Hell paintings .
- Murakami Takashi 村上隆 exhibition 2017

. Buson, Yosa Buson haiku about Oni .
Buson Yokai Emaki 蕪村妖怪絵巻 Buson Monster Scroll


chirizuka kaioo, Chirizuka kaiō 塵塚怪王 Chirizuka Kaio "strange king of the dust heap"
a red, hairy demon who resembles a small oni.
- source : yokai.com/chirizukakaiou -


. Daruma oni　だるま鬼 ー reddo debiru レッドデビル red devil Daruma .

. Dodomeki, Todomeki 百々目鬼 / 百々眼鬼 Oni with 100 eyes .

. Dragons 龍　竜　- Oni demon on a dragon surfboard .


Edo 江戸 the demons of Edo // 14 to explore

. eki oni 疫鬼 (エキオニ) // eki ki, eki-ki (えきき） Oni bringing disease
ekki 疫鬼（えっき） // 寃鬼 enoki, enki "Disease Demon" ，


. ema　絵馬　votive tablets .
5 legends to explore
. ema 「鬼」の絵馬 - amulets .
..... Shiga

. Enku 円空仏 master carver and his Otsu-E Oni Statues .

. Enma Ten 閻魔天、閻魔王 Emma, the King of Hell - Yama .



female Oni demons - List *

. Fudoo, Fudo Myo-O 不動明王と鬼伝説　Oni Demon Legends and Fudo .
不動明王の邪鬼退治 Fudo and Jaki

***** . Fujiwara no Chikata no Yonki 藤原千方の四鬼 The four demons of Fujiwara Chikata .

. Fuku wa Uchi, Oni wa Uchi! 福は内、鬼は内 . - Chant at Setsubun
ONI 鬼 is seen as a pun with 大荷 "a big load of merchandise"

fuufu no oni 夫婦の鬼 demon couple
4 to explore / 鬼の夫婦 01 / 鬼夫婦 01

. Fuujin 風神 Fujin Wind God / Raijin 雷神 God of Thunder .
oni no gyoozui 鬼の行水 Demon taking a bath

***** . Fuuma Kootaroo, Fūma Kotarō 風魔小太郎 Fuma Kotaro .
(? - 1603) Ninja, Onimusha　鬼武者 Demon Warrior / Manga Onimusha: Warlords


. gaman sama　がまんさま "endure the hardships" .
- Oni statues at 菊名神社 Kikuna Shrine, Yokohama, Kanagawa

- gargoyle - referece -

. gaki 餓鬼 hungry demons, hungry ghosts .
「施餓鬼」法会 Segaki Rituals
..... Oita

. Gaki Kyosai 画鬼暁斎 Kyosai, the Demon of painting . - Kawanabe Kyosai

*****. Gagoze ガゴゼ, 元興神 (元興寺 / ガゴジ　/ ガンゴジ) . - temple 元興寺 Gango-Ji, Nara

***** . Gedoomaru 外道丸 Gedomaru .
at the foot of Mount Ibukiyama 伊吹山の麓

. Gishiki 魏石鬼八面大王 Hachimen Dai-O and 鬼臼 Demon Mortar .
魏石鬼窟 Gishiki cave / 魏石鬼の岩屋 (Azumino, Nagano)

godai ma-o son　五大魔王尊　Five Gread Monster Kings skulls *
- reference photos -

***** . Goki 五鬼 - descendants of Oni .
Five children of Zenki and Goki : 五鬼助 Gokijo, 五鬼継 Gokitsugu, 五鬼上 Gokijo, 五鬼童 Gokido, 五鬼熊 Gokikuma
- Shugendo Priest 五鬼助義 Goki Sukeyoshi is now in the 61st generation.

. Go Nagai 永井豪 Nagai Go - Demon Paintings .

. gooki 豪鬼 The Yokai monster Goki . *

. gyuuki, gyūki 牛鬼 "bull-demon" - Ushi-oni .


ha 鬼の歯 oni no ha, teeth of an oni
11 to explore - . see eyes, oni no me

. HAIKU - Oni to Haiku 鬼と俳句　Haiku with Demons .
- - - - - . oni sudaku togakushi no fumoto soba no hana .
Buson is talking about - kijo momiji　鬼女紅葉 The Female Demon called "Momiji" - Togakushi

. hamaki　破魔鬼　demon mask to ward off evil .

. Haseo Sooshi, Haseo sōshi 長谷雄草紙 Haseo Soshi scroll .
Ki no Haseo 紀長谷雄 (845 – 912) playing Sugoroku with an Oni

. hate no hatsuka 果ての二十日 the final day 20 of the year .
- the day when all appeased Oni become free

. Heike densetsu　平家伝説 legends about the Heike clan and Oni .

. Hitohoneyama, Hitoboneyama 人骨山の鬼伝説 Boso, Chiba . and Rokub Pilgrims 六十六部

. hone　鬼の骨 the bones of Oni demons .
- including atama　頭 scull (head)

. hyakki yagyoo 百鬼夜行 Night Parade of One Hundred Demons .


. imi 忌み / 斎み imi - taboo, ritual abstinence .
imibi. kijitsu, kinichi 忌日 taboo day
忌 鬼 14 to explore (00) /// 斎 鬼 15 to explore (00)

. Ino Mononoke Roku 稲生物怪録 The Ghost Experience of Mr. Ino . - 1749

. Iwatesan 岩手山の祠と鬼伝説 Oni Legends . **


. jaki 邪鬼 / じゃき - Jaki　. - "heavenly evil spirit"

. jigoku 地獄 the Buddhist Hell - Contents .

. jigoku no oni 地獄の鬼 demons of the Buddhist hell .
. jigokue, jigoku-e 地獄絵 paintings of the Buddhist hell / 地獄草子 Jigoku Soshi - Hell Scroll
. Sanzu no Kawa 三途の川 River Sanzu, the river on the way to hell .
. Enma-O 閻魔天、閻魔王 the King of Hell, Emma
. Jigokudoo 地獄堂 Jigoku-Do "Hall of Hell" - 全興寺 Senko-Ji Osaka


. jinja - 鬼神社　list of Shinto shrines with ONI . *

. Jooki 浄鬼 （常喜） Joki -- Jooman 浄満 （常満） Joman .
from 滋賀県大津市葛川坊村 Shiga, Otsu, Katsuragawa


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. kadomatsu　鬼と門松　New Year pine decorations .
and Setsubun hiiragi 柊 holly decorations

. Kagura 神楽 Dance masks of Oni - Noh men 能面 .

. Kaisei 魁星 the Star Demon .
- and Bunshoosei 文昌星 Bunshosei

. kakure-oni 隠れ鬼 "hidden oni", kakurenbo, hide and seek .

. kaijuu 怪獣 Kaiju - mythological beasts and animals .
genjuu 幻獣 Genju, mysterious creature, cryptid - Oni are among them

. kami　神　Shinto deities / Japanese gods .
kami to oni 神と鬼 the Deities and Demons of Japan

. kanaboo, kanabō 鬼に金棒 Kanabo, the iron club of an Oni .
- Oni ni kanabo

. Kano Kazunobu 狩野一信 　(1816 - 1863) .
- 五百羅漢図　500 Arhats and 「六道 地獄」 Rokudo Hell

. Kanoozan 鹿野山の鬼 Kanozan, Boso, Chiba . **

. karada - oni no karada 鬼の体 body features of an Oni Demon .
oni no shintai　鬼の身体 - oni no sugata　鬼の姿 - from head and horns to toes and nails


. Kasha 火車 Kasha Demon "burning chariot" .
- and 音誉上人 - 音誉聖観上人 Saint Onyo Shokan Shonin

. Kawanabe Kyoosai 河鍋暁斎 Kawanabe Kyosai (Gyosai) (1831 - 1889) . - Painter
- Jigoku Dayu 地獄太夫 Hell courtesan
- 暁斎百鬼画談 Kyosai - tales and paintings of 100 demons
- 画鬼 暁斎 Gaki Kyosai and Josiah Conder
- Night Parade Of Hell Creatures: Bizarre Demonic Art By Kyosai

. Kegon Engi-E　華厳縁起絵 Picture Scroll of the Kegon sect .

. Kesen 気仙 / ケセンの鬼の国 Kesen is the land of the Oni . - Iwate
and the 蝦夷 Emishi leader 赤頭 Akagashira.

. kidan 鬼談 Demon stories - talk about demons and Yokai .
- 夜窓鬼談 Yaso Kidan "Night-window demon talk" and other collections

. Kidokushu, Shinben Kidokushu 神便 鬼毒酒 Sake to kill an Oni .

. kidoo 鬼童 Kido, "child demon" .

. Kidoomaru, Kidōmaru 鬼童丸 Kidomaru . *
..... a robber and a magician.

. Kiichi Hôgen, Kiichi Hoogen 鬼一法眼 Kiichi Hogen .
and Minamoto no Yoshitsune - in 文楽 Bunraku and 歌舞伎 Kabuki

. kijin 鬼人 / onibito オニビト "human demon" . (tr)


Ki Jinja 鬼神社（きじんじゃ）"Demon Shrine" - see 鬼沢 Onizawa, Aomori

. Kijin Jinja 鬼鎮神社 - Saitama .
with Oni Ema
..... "Fuku wa uchi! Oni wa uchi! Akuma soto!"

***** . Kijin no O-Matsu 鬼神のお松 The female bandit O-Matsu .
"The Evil Omatsu"

***** . kijo momiji　鬼女紅葉 The Female Demon called "Momiji" . ..... . Togakushi 戸隠・荒倉岳と鬼女紅葉 . **

***** . Kijoo, Murakami Kijoo 村上鬼城 Murakami Kijo . - (1865 - 1938) Haiku poet

. kikoku 鬼哭 crying of an unhappy dead soul .

. Kikotsuji, Kikkotsuji 鬼骨寺 Kikotsu-Ji "Temple of Oni bones" .

. kimengani 鬼面蟹 crabs with a demon face .
- onigani 鬼蟹 demon crabs

. Kimen-zan 鬼面山 Mount Kimenzan . - Nagano

. kimon 鬼門 / 忌門 demon gate / Kimon Konjin 鬼門金神 .
in the ushi-tora 丑寅 North-eastern direction

. kioo 鬼王 Kio, Ki-O - Demon King . *
稲荷鬼王神社 Inari Kio Jinja, Tokoy

kioni, ki oni 黄鬼 yellow oni *
- 黄金四つ目の仮面 - 鬼享を鼓す - 鬼を避（ふせ）く oni o fuseku
- ekiki eki-ki 疫鬼（えきき）/ 餓鬼草紙 and more Oni lore
- reference source : blog.goo.ne.jp/katodesuryoheidesu -


kiraigoo, ki raigoo 鬼来迎 Kiraigo, welcoming the demons

. kisai 鬼才 "demon genius" , genius .

. kisha 鬼射 "hitting the demon" ritual with arrow shooting .

. Kishibojin 鬼子母神 "Child eating demon mother" .
..... 訶梨帝母 Kariteimo - Kangimo 歓喜母 - Hariti - and many legends about her
..... 鬼子母神堂　Hall for Kishimojin
..... kishi megami　鬼子め神　"child eating female deity" at 身延山 Mount Minobusan


. kishin, kijin, onigami 鬼神 "Oni Deity", "Demon Deity" .
yuuki 幽鬼 Yuki - revengeful demon or monster spirit
goryoo 御霊 Goryo- vengeful spirits
..... Iwate *, Shiga,
魔羅鬼神 Mara Kishin (Kijin) - a revengeful demon 霊鬼神
(50 legends to explore)
. Onigami shuraku 鬼神集落 Onigami village - Akita .


. kishitoo 鬼舐頭 the hair falls out in a circle 円形脱毛症 .

. Kishitsu Shusui - Fukushin 鬼室集斯 - Korean: Gwisil Jipsa (around 660) .
- and 鬼室神社 Kishitsu Jinja, Hino, Shiga and the battle 白村江の戦い Hakusonko no Tatakai

. kitan 鬼譚 "demon stories", "demon tales" .
..... kitan sooshi 鬼譚草紙 Kitan Soshi "demon stories"
..... anya kitan 暗夜鬼譚 Demon Tales of a Dark Night
..... tsukumo kitan つくも鬼譚 stickers
..... 石見牛鬼譚 Iwami Gyuki Tan - Tales of the bull-demon from Iwami

. Kitaro - gegege no Kitarō ゲゲゲの鬼太郎 .
..... Shigeru Mizuki (水木 しげる, Mizuki Shigeru)


. kitsune to oni 狐と鬼　伝説 Legends about fox and demon .
31 to explore / ..... Shiga

koki-ita 胡鬼板（こきいた） a kind of 羽子板 hagoita

Konjaku Monogatari 今昔物語 "Tales of Times Now Past"
- late Heian period tales of many demons and monsters - setsuwa 説話 religious teaching stories *
- reference -


. kubihiki 鬼の首引き neck tug of war of the demons .
..... 朝比奈義秀の鬼の首引き Asahina Yoshihide

. kubire-oni 縊れ鬼 / くびれ鬼 strangler demon - - iki, itsuki 縊鬼 / いつき .


. Kuki shi 九鬼氏 Kuki ke 九鬼家 the Kuki clan, Kuki family .
- Kuki Yoshitaka (九鬼嘉隆) (1542 – 1600) // - Kuki Moritaka (九鬼守隆) (1573 - 1632)
- Kuki suigun 九鬼水軍 the Kuki navy, Toba, Mie

. Kukiyama 九鬼山 "Nine Demons Mountain" (Yamanashi) .
and the brave 桃太郎 Momotaro

. kurooni, kuro-oni 黒鬼 black Oni, black demon .


. kyoogen, oni kyoogen 鬼狂言 Kyogen performances with Oni .
- Asahina 朝比奈 Asahina
- Hoorai no shima 蓬莱の島の鬼 the Oni of Horaijima
- Oni no mamako 鬼の継子 The Stepchild of an Oni
- Yao 八尾 - 常光寺 Joko-Ji and the Yao Jizo 八尾の地蔵


kyuuketsu ki 吸血鬼 Kyuketsuki, vampire, blood-sucking demon

. Landscape, Nature and Oni Legends - shizen 自然と鬼伝説　 .

. Landscape and more Oni Legends .
by Toyota Toki とよた 時 / 画房【とよだ 時】 Toyoda Toki

. Legends about Oni 伝説 - Regional list .
From Aichi to Yamanashi

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ma 魔 evil, devil - akuma 悪魔 devil, Satan
- reference source : search.kotowaza-allguide.com -
54 proverbs to explore

. Makka マッカ（赤鬼）"All Red " - Hiroshima 小屋浦 Koyaura .

. mame 魔滅 to wipe out demons, mame 豆 bean at Setsubun .
Kurama no oni taiji 鞍馬の鬼退治 driving out Oni at Kurama

. mamono 魔物と伝説 Mamono Demon Legends .
madoo 魔道 - まどう / mamono no toorimichi 魔物の通り道 / masuji, ma-suji 魔筋
100 to explore

. manhooru マンホール manholes with Oni .

. matagi 又鬼 / マタギ bear hunters .
- - - mata oni ni naru　又鬼　"I have to become a demon again"
36 to explore

matsuri　祭り - see Oni Matsuri festivals with Oni

. mayoke men 魔よけ面 Demon amulets to ward off evil . .

. me　鬼の目, 鬼の眼 / medama 鬼の目玉 - 伝説 eyes of an Oni - Legends .

. men, oni no men 鬼の面 mask of an Oni / kimen 鬼面 .

. men buryuu 面浮立 - 鹿島の面浮立 / 浮立面 demon masks . Saga 佐賀県

. Mochi Oni　餅鬼 demons made from rice cake dough .

. Momotaro 桃太郎 the Peach Boy - 桃太郎昔語 and Onigashima Island .


. Nagata Jinja 長田神社 Shrine in Kobe .
mochiwari oni 餅割鬼 mochi-breaking demon // shiri kujiri oni 尻くじり鬼 "buttocks-prodder" demon
ichiban taroo oni 一番太郎鬼 first main demon
uba oni 姥鬼 old woman demon // hoosuke oni 呆助鬼 "dumb" demon

. namahage なまはげ the Oni of Oga, Akita .
..... 出羽鶴　本格焼酎　-　なまはげ Namahage Shochu Liquor

Nara　奈良 - なら散策日記 with 489 episodes about the local ONI
- reference source : narasaku.com -
. Nara 4 legends - tokimoo . **

. nehanzu 涅槃図 Nirvana paintings of Buddha's death scene .
- Even the Oni are weeping . . .

nekooni, neko-oni 猫鬼 (tenoni, ten-oni 天鬼, skull without horns)
- neko-oni no wabi shoomon 猫鬼の侘び証文　Fukushima * - see genju


. netsuke 根付 . with Oni .

. Nichosai　耳鳥斎 painter of demons . - Tokoroten

. Nihon no Oni Koryu Hakubutsukan 日本の鬼の交流博物館 Museum of Japanese Domons .

. Nihon Ryooiki, Nihon Ryōiki 日本霊異記 Nihon Ryoiki
Ghostly Strange Records from Japan .

. Ninnaji 仁和寺 Ninna-Ji, Kyoto - Hell paintings .

. Noh Drama 能 "The world of Noh" - and its demon masks .
kishin 鬼神 - Tobide portraying demons or savages, and Beshimi portraying goblins such as Tengu.


. Odaigahara 大台ヶ原の鬼と山の神と弥山の神 legends . **


. Oita 大分県の鬼伝説　Oni Demon Legends .
..... Kijima 鬼島 Demon Island ..... kichoo 鬼鳥 "demon bird" ..... oni no ido 鬼の井戸 the Demon well ..... 鬼ケ原の幽霊 The Ghost of Onigahara
..... 鬼の石段 stone stairs made by a demon
..... Hachiman Jigoku no Oni　八幡地獄の鬼 *

. omamori, o-mamori お守り amulets to ward off the demons .

.......................................................................................... onionioni ....................................................


. - - - ONI 鬼 - words starting with ONI - - - .

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onsen 温泉 hot spring / oniyu 鬼湯 "demon hot spring"
4 to explore
..... Oita
湯かけ鬼蔵 （ゆかけきぞう）
source : noboribetsu-spa.jp


. oomagatoki, Ōmagatoki 逢魔時 / 大禍時 "demon dusk" .
- Chimimōryō, chimi mooryoo 魑魅魍魎 Chimi Moryo - demons of mountains and rivers

. origami 鬼 折り紙 folded paper Demon dolls .

. Otsu-E 大津絵 Paintings from Otsu .
Oni no nenbutsu, nembutsu　鬼の念仏 Demon saying Amida prayers

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- - - - - - plant names with ONI

. hoozuki 鬼燈 － 鬼灯 - ほうずき Hozuki, Chinese lantern plant .
ground cherry, lampion flower, winter cherry, husk tomato, Physalis alkekengi

. oniyuri 鬼百合 tiger lily .
ko oniyuri 小鬼百合　Lilium leichtlinii


. Kikyoo 鬼臼 Kikyo . Podophyllum versipelle *

plant names with ONI, a long list
平安時代に成立した辞書に鬼とは、隠（おん）のなまったもので”隠れて姿を表さないもの”と書かれています.
- reference source : eisai.co.jp/museum -


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. proverbs and sayings with demons 鬼とことわざ　ONI to kotowaza .

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. Rashomon Gate 羅生門 - Rashomon no Oni .

rinki 林鬼 a Shogi stone
林鬼（りんき）は、将棋の駒の一つ。本将棋にはなく、大局将棋に存在する。 成ると右鵰。右鵰の駒名を「古鵰」とする説もある。 元の駒, 動き, 成駒, 動き. 林鬼（りんき）
wikipedia
and . . . 百鬼林

. Rozan-Ji Kyoto 廬山寺 : Oni of three colors. .
The red one symbolizes Greed, the blue (green) one Anger and the black one Stupidity.

. Ryuutooki 龍燈鬼 Ryutoki and Tentooki 天燈鬼 Tentoki. Dragon-lantern-carrying demon



. Sakanoue no Tamuramaro 坂上田村麻呂 and the Oni from Iwate .
Oodakemaru 大嶽丸・大竹丸・大武丸・大猛丸 Odakemaru / Ootakemaru オオタケマル Otakemaru
Akagashira no Takamaru 赤頭の高丸 - Aterui and the Emishi
and in Tono the Oni Hitokabemaru 人首丸

. sakaki oni 榊鬼 Sakaki demon . - Aichi

sake 酒 rice wine and Oni legends
鬼　酒　- 48 to explore
. sake label with Oni - Taneda Santoka .

. Sanki Son 三鬼尊 Three venerable Oni .

. sanki, yamaoni, yama-oni 山鬼の鬼伝説 Mountain Oni Demon .
onisurusuishi 鬼臼石 / オニスルスイシ Oni Surusu Ishi

***** . Sankichi Oni　 サンキチ鬼 The Demon Sankichi .
- Akita Sankich San 秋田三吉さん from Mount Taiheizan 太平山

. saruoni, saru-oni 猿鬼 Monkey-Demon .
at Iwaido Shrine

. Sazae-oni　栄螺鬼 / さざえ鬼　haunted turban shell . 　– A turban snail that turns into a woman.

. setsubun　節分 oni wa soto 節分　－　鬼は外　demons get out! .
100 to explore

. Shiga 滋賀県の鬼伝説　Oni Demon Legends .

. Shikigami 式神 / シキガミ, Shiki no Kami 式の神 Shiki deity, demon or ghost .
- and Abe no Seimei 阿倍晴明 (921 - 1005)

. Shimane 島根県 鬼伝説 Oni Demon Legends .


. Shinchuu, Shinchū 神虫 Shinchu, "The Divine Insect" .
a deity depicted as a silkworm moth. It has a great appetite for Oni demons, devouring 3000 in the morning and 300 in the evening.

. shinigami 死神 God of Death "Grim Reaper" .

. Shinto and Oni 神道と鬼 .

. Shiro Oni Studio シロオニスタジオ "White Demon" . - Gunma

. Shitenno 四天王 four Ten deities stepping on 邪鬼 Jaki . *


. shita, oni no shita 鬼の舌 tongue of an Oni .

***** . Shooki, Shōki 鍾馗 Shoki, the Demon Queller .

***** . Shuten Dooji 酒呑童子 Shuten Doji "Sake Child" Demon .
..... Ibaraki-doji, his disciple, 鬼越山　Onigoeyama in Ibaraki
..... Kidoomaru 鬼童丸、鬼同丸（きどうまる）Kidomaru
..... Oni no dookutsu 鬼の洞窟 Oni’s cave
..... Oni-take Inari Jinja 鬼岳稲荷神社 Shrine
..... Oni-iwa 鬼岩 Demon boulder - Hyogo, Gifu and others *
..... Onikoroshi (onigoroshi) 鬼殺し "killing the demon" - Sake

. sumoo 鬼の相撲 Sumo wrestling of the Demons .
..... Oni no Sumoba 鬼の相撲場　The Devil's Sumo Ring


sword　刀 katana, blades to kill an Oni - onikiri, Onimaru
..... Shiga



. Tanzawa 丹沢の鬼伝説　Demon Legends .
..... Onigatake 鬼ヶ岳

tearai oni 手洗鬼 hand washing demon
ALTERNATE NAMES: kyojin no ojomo (giant ojomo; a local term for monster, Shikoku)
- source : yokai com -

tiger pants - 虎柄のパンツ
. oni no koshimaki 鬼の腰巻 - oni no fundoshi 鬼の褌
oni no pantsu 鬼のパンツ pants of an oni - loincloth .
..... Oni no pants, a children's song

. toodaiki, todai ki 灯台鬼 Demon with a candlestick .
..... 藤原有国　Fujiwara no Arikuni (943 – 1011)

torii 鳥居の鬼 shinto shrine gate - see oniko
2 to explore / Iwate, Akita . . .
. oniko, oni-ko 津軽の鬼子伝説 Tsugaru, Aomori .


. Toriyama Sekien 鳥山石燕 (1712 – 1788) and his Oni paintings .
..... Gazu Hyakki Yagyō 画図百鬼夜行 "The Illustrated Night Parade of a Hundred Demons"

. Tosa 土佐光信 Tosa Mitsunobu (1434 - 1525) .
..... 星光寺縁起絵巻 Seiko-Ji Engi Emaki - Legends about the origin of Seikō-ji

. Tsubakuro 燕岳 Mount Tsubakuro and Oni legends . **

. tsuina 追儺 "demon exorcism" rituals at Setsubun .
.... hoosooshi, hōsōshi 方相氏（ほうそうし）Hososhi, demon exorcist

. tsuno　鬼の角　the horns of Oni demons .
some have two, some have one and some have no horns
53 to explore

. Tsunoochiyama 角落山 Mountain, "horns of the Oni fell down" . - Gunma


. ukiyo-e 浮世絵　"pictures of the floating world" with Oni .

. unagi to oni 鰻と鬼　the Eel and the Demon . - Gifu, 粥川 Kayugawa

. ushioni, ushi-oni gyuuki, gyūki 牛鬼 "bull-demon" .
..... ox-headed monsters
Ushioni fuchi 牛鬼淵 riverside of Kochi

warau . oni ga warau 鬼が笑う to make an Oni laugh .
. 栃木県 Tochigi 馬頭町 Batomachi .


. Yama no Kami and Oni 山の神と鬼 Mountain God .
Niigata, Sado, - - - 蓋井島 Yamaguchi Futaoijima Island, ...

. Yabitsu ビツ峠 / 餓鬼道伝説 Pass in Tanzawa .

Yakushi Nyorai 薬師如来　and oni 鬼 demons
- The three demons 英胡 Eiko, 軽足 Karuashi and 土熊 Tsuchiguma of 大江山 Mount Oeyama

. yatai to oni 屋台と鬼　Oni decorations on festival floats .
. yatai　屋台 - danjiri だんじり festival floats .


yonki 四鬼, see Fujiwara no Chikata no Yonki 藤原千方の四鬼 The four demons of Fujiwara Chikata


. yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - List .
They are often translated as demons.

. yooki 妖鬼 Yoki - Yokai Monster Demon .
- and kaii, kai-i 怪異 strange things

. Yukijin 湯鬼神 Demon Guardian of the Hot Springs .
..... Oni 登別の鬼　The Demons of Noboribetsu Hot Spring, Hokkaido


***** . Zenki 前鬼 and his wife Goki 後鬼 .


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. reference, books and links about ONI .


- reference : nichibun yokai database -
1202 legends about ONI to explore !


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. - - - Join my Onipedia friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

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