oni wa soto

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
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oni wa soto 鬼は外 "Demons, get out!"　
「鬼は―外！　福は―内！」

. setsubun 節分 "seasonal divide" rituals - Introduction .
on February 3, the day before the beginning of spring (risshun 立春) according to the Asian lunar calendar.



The most common custom is the traditional mamemaki　豆まき　/ 豆撒き, the throwing of beans (mame) to chase away the evil Oni (demons, ogres, evil spirits).
Grains have a great vital power and were thought to 魔除け ward off evil influence.
The word MAME (beans) was originally written 魔滅 to wipe out demons.
To make sure the beans would never grow again, they had to be roasted 炒った豆 before throwing them at the demons.
Mamemaki started at Mount Kurama in Kyoto.
. Kurama no oni taiji 鞍馬の鬼退治 driving out Oni at Kurama .

For Setsubun, there are usually two demons, Aka-Oni 赤鬼 Red Demon and Ao-Oni 青鬼 Blue/Green Demon. They have two horns and two eyes.


oniuchimame, oni uchi mame 鬼打豆 beans to throw at the demons
..... oni no mame 鬼の豆"beans for the demons

and the famous call accompanying the throwing of the beans :
oni wa soto 鬼は外  "Demons, get out! -
fuku wa uchi 福は内  "Good luck, come in!" "

After the ritual throwing of the beans, family members pick up the number of beans corresponding to their age; eating these brings assurance of good fortune in the coming year.

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. Momotaro 桃太郎 The Peach Boy - Introduction .

桃太郎豆蒔之図 Momotaro Mamemaki no Zu - Momotaro throwing beans





. Tsukioka Yoshitoshi 月岡芳年 (1839 – 1892) .


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source : mag.japaaan.com/step

Momotaro, seen from the angle of the Oni
尾形月耕 Ogata Gekko (1859 - 1920)



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. Otsu-E 大津絵 Paintings from Otsu .

fuku wa uchi 福は内 oni wa soto 鬼は外　
- - - and even
fuku wa soto 福は外 good luck driven out




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The Deities of Good Luck throwing beans at the demons
Daikoku, Ebisu and O-Fuku



. 河鍋暁斎 Kawanabe Kyosai (1831 - 1889) .



Young Man Throwing Beans at Setsubun 節分の儀式（豆撒き）
Suzuki Harunobu 鈴木春信 (1725–1770)

. Daikoku and Ebisu 大黒と恵比寿 - Introduction .

. O-Fuku お福, O-Tafuku お多福 - O-Kame お亀 .


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source : hina.sakura.tv/newpage142

寿好堂よし国 Jukodo Yoshikuni  (late Edo Period, active 1804 - 1843)


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chawan　茶碗 tea bowls with Oni wa Soto !
- Click for more !










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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

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愛媛県 Aichi 越智郡 Ochi district 魚島村 Uoshimamura

For Setsubun, farmers put together a bunch of Susuki grass with leaves of メッツタ Metta and ホーベーの葉 Hoobee to ward off the Demons.
At home they use the normal chant for Setsubun 「福は内、福は内、鬼は外、鬼は外」.
On their fishing boats they chant:
「ふか外、ふか外、鬼は内、鬼は内」- Oni wa uchi!
Good Luck get out, Demons come in!

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愛媛県 Ehime 西宇和郡 Nishiuwa District 伊方町 Ikata

They follow the usual rituals for Setsubun.
Sometimes they offer タワラギ Tauragi and トベラ Tobera (Pittosporum tobira).
Sometimes they hold the branches of Tobera in the flames to produce a noise.

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福島県 Fukushima 南会津郡 MinamiAizu district 檜枝岐村 Hinoemata

In the times before the War, on the evening before Setsubun, children walked around the village with a bag round the head, calling out for beans.
「豆たんもうれ、豆たんもうれ」
They collected beans and とうきび millet.
The next day they chanted 福は内、鬼は外 - fuku wa uchi, oni wa soto.

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京都府 Kyoto 竹野郡 Takeno district 網野町 Amino

The head of the Adachi clan from Shimazu was on his way home and got lost in the mountain forest. A demon appeared and asked what happened. Eventually the demon agreed to help him and blindfolded his eyes. After a while Adachi heard a voice "Hey, you are home now!" When he took off the blindfold, he stood in front of his home !
From that day on, the Adachi clan never throws beans for Setsubun.

- quote -
The Adachi clan (安達氏)
is a family of samurai who are said to have been descended from Fujiwara no Yamakage. Their historical significance derives from their successes during the Genpei War and their subsequent affiliation with the Hōjō clan.
安達盛長 Adachi Morinaga ((1135 – 1200)
- his son 安達景盛 Adachi Kagemori (? - 1248)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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三重県 Mie

. New hashi 箸 chopsticks for Setsubun .



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宮城県 Miyagi 柴田郡 Shibata district 村田町 Murata

Once upon a time the clan of Watanabe lived here.
. Watanabe no Tsuna 渡辺綱 (953 - 1025) .
Most of the villagers are called Watanabe to our day.
Watanabe no Tsuna is famous for the story of 羅生門の鬼 the demons of Rashomon. The Demon of Rashomon shapeshifted into the form of Tsuna's aunt, squeezed half her arm to try and open the gate, then asked Tsuna to open more with the help of a jizaikagi 自在鉤 pot hook. Then she used the hook to open the ceiling hole for the smoke and got away. On her run she slipped and fell, supporting her body with a hand - and the 手型石 stone with her hand imprint is still to be seen.
To our day the people of this village never use a pot hook and have no opening for the kitchen smoke.
During Setsubun they do not shout: Oni wa Soto!





stone with the hand print of the demon / 岩にしっかりとついた手の跡
source : bqspot.com/tohoku/miyagi


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奈良県 Nara 天川村 / 天河 Tenkawa

. the Demon Zenki 前鬼 and his wife Goki 後鬼 .

oni no shison 鬼の子孫 / onisuji 鬼筋 descendants of the Oni
Near the temple 安生寺 Ansho-Ji there are five families, who do NOT prepare chimaki 粽 ritual rice dumplings for the Boy's festival on May 5th and hishimochi 菱餅 red and white dumplings for the Girls's festival on May 3.
These families claim to be descendants of the Demons (Zenki and Goki). The Chimaki look like the tsuno 角 horns of an Oni and the Hishimochi look like oni no shita 鬼の舌 the tongue of an Oni, thus they feel it an insult against the ancestors to prepare them.
During the Setsubun rituals, they never chant
oni wa soto 鬼は外 but only fuku wa uchi 福は内.

. oni no shison 鬼の子孫 / onisuji 鬼筋 - descendants of Oni .

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新潟県 Niigata 東蒲原郡 Higashikanbara district 阿賀町 Aga

The same legend about Watanabe no Tsuna as above in
宮城県 Miyagi 柴田郡 Shibata district 村田町 Murata


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静岡県 Shizuoka 浜松市 Hamamatsu

The chant for Setsubun:
「鬼は外、福は内」のほかに
「隣の婆、婆、屁をひった、しゃらくさい、うーん臭い、まっと臭い、ぷー」
臭いといって鬼が逃げる。
The old hag next door has farted and now it stinks, it stinks, whow, it stinks so much!

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栃木県 Tochigi 宇都宮市 Utsunomiya

The chant for Setsubun:
「福は内福は内鬼は外、鬼の目玉をぶっつぶせ」
Fuku wa uchi Fuku wa uchi, Oni wa soto, Oni no medama o buttsubuse!
Smash out the eyeballs of the Oni !

. me 鬼の目, 鬼の眼 / medama 鬼の目玉 - 伝説 eyes of an Oni - Legends .
- - - - - and more lore about Setsubun

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- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
節分 - 100 to explore // 鬼は外 - OK

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There are some regions in Japan
where the Oni are welcomed into the home - for various reasons.

oni wa uchi 鬼は内 Demons come in!
oni MO uchi 鬼も内 (Good luck come in and) Demons come in!

. Look at them here : oni wa uchi 鬼は内 Demons come in! .

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. - - - Join the Onipedia friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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