Kappa - The Kappapedia: Reference Books Links -

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4/02/2017

oni links books reference

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .
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reference, books and links about ONI
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There are many picture books　絵本 about the Oni, especially related to Setsubun.
They have a separate page.

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- books -

馬場あき子 Baba Akiko
鬼の研究

グループSKIT Group Skit
仏」と「鬼」の謎を楽しむ本

近藤喜博　Kondo Yoshihiro (1911 - 1977)
日本の鬼日本文化探求の視角

岡村知彦　Okamura Tomohiko
浅間山信仰の歴史火の山の鬼と仏と女神たち

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高田崇史 Takada Takafumi (1958 - )
鬼の城伝説

桃太郎の騙りよ憎し、鬼たちの慟哭を聞け!
桃太郎の鬼退治は、曇りなき善行だったのか?岡山・吉備津神社に今も伝わる鳴釜神事では、大和朝廷によって退治された鬼神「温羅(うら)」が、釜を唸らせて吉凶を告げるという。一方、桑原崇(タタル)は、旅の途中、鳴ると凶――主が死ぬという大釜に遭遇。事実、土蔵に長男の生首が。事件の核心“桃太郎伝説”の騙りとは?

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ソメコとオニ Someko to Oni
斎藤隆介 (著), 滝平二郎 (イラスト)

The five-year old girl Someko is abducted by an Oni, but she is not a bit afraid. On the contrary, she thinks of all kinds of games and it is the Oni who needs help . . .

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- online links -

- JAANUS - architecture -
ichi-no-oni 一の鬼
onidai 鬼台
Kikokushi 鬼谷子
oni-arashikou ganna 鬼荒仕工鉋
oni-ita 鬼板
oniwaku 鬼枠

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- Kokugakuin - Kawamura Kunimitsu 2005
A Shinto aspect about Oni

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Reider Noriko T. Reider
Transformation of the Oni (PDF file)
From the frightening and diabolical to the cute and sexy
- source : nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp -

Japanese Demon Lore: Oni from Ancient Times to the Present

- quote -
Oni, ubiquitous supernatural figures in Japanese literature, lore, art, and religion, usually appear as demons or ogres. Characteristically threatening, monstrous creatures with ugly features and fearful habits, including cannibalism, they also can be harbingers of prosperity, beautiful and sexual, and especially in modern contexts, even cute and lovable. There has been much ambiguity in their character and identity over their long history. Usually male, their female manifestations convey distinctively gendered social and cultural meanings.
Oni
appear frequently in various arts and media, from Noh theater and picture scrolls to modern fiction and political propaganda, They remain common figures in popular Japanese anime, manga, and film and are becoming embedded in American and international popular culture through such media. Noriko Reiderýs book is the first in English devoted to oni. Reider fully examines their cultural history, multifaceted roles, and complex significance as "others" to the Japanese.
- amazon com -

. Japanese Demon Lore: Oni from Ancient Times to the Present .
with an Oni from 吉備大臣入唐絵 Kibi Daijin Nyuto E

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- Wikipedia - Oni and list of Yokai -

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- nichibun yokai database -

1202 legends about ONI to explore !
このデータベースには、日本民俗学の文献から集められた怪異・妖怪伝承についての35,826件の書誌情報が入っています。

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. - - - Join the Onipedia friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - .

. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk Art from Japan .

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- #onibooks #onilinks #onireference -
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9/14/2016

ukiyoe with Yokai

- Yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - - ABC-Index -
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Ukiyo-E with Yokai　浮世絵と妖怪

- quote
20 Classic Woodblock Prints of Japanese Ghosts and Monsters

20. “The Sailor Tokuso and the Sea Monster.”
19. “The Ghost Oiwa.” Yotsuya Kaidan
18. “The Ghosts of Togo and His Wife”
17. “Various Yokai Flying out of Wicker Clothes Hamper.” omoi tsuzura
16. The Yuki-onna

15. “Ashinaga and Tenaga Fishing.”
14. “Okiku the Well Ghost.”
13. The ghost of Kohada Koeiji,
12. “A Ghost Appears to Kingo Chunagon.”
11. “Child’s Nightmare of Ghosts.”

10. “Takiyasha the Witch and the Skeleton Spectre.”
9. immortal sage Gama-Sennin. The giant toad i
8. “Oiwa the Lantern Ghost.”
7. Print from Kuniyoshi’s “Bakemono Chunshingura”
6. Depiction of a scene from the kabuki play “Ume no hara gojusan tsugi”.

5. “The Priest Raigo of Mii Temple Transformed By Wicked Thoughts into a Rat.”
4. “The Woman Shizunome Oyaku.”
3. “The Ghost of Kamata Matahachi.” and Kikuno and Mari Yashiro
2. A print of tengu and other demon masks. Utagawa Kunisada.
1. “The Laughing Demon.”

- Look at the pictures here:
- source : bizarreandgrotesque.co

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Morimiya Art　森宮古美術　
- reference source : morimiya.net/online/youkaiyuurei -

北為 Hokui - ‐平知盛亡霊‐ -- ‐髑髏・骸骨‐

清親 Kiyochika - -新田義興霊-

国周 Kunichika - 相馬良門古寺之図

国宗 Kunimune -羅生門・鬼-

国貞 Kunisada - 本朝高名鑑　牛若丸

国綱 Kunitsuna - 鞍馬天狗・烏天狗

国芳　KUNIYOSHI　－　大物之浦海底之図
- 毛谷村六助』-河童
- 源頼光公館土蜘作妖怪図 : -囲碁-
- 五十三次の内　岡崎の場
- 酒田公時・碓井貞光・源次網と妖怪
- 大物浦平家の亡霊 -- -鵺退治-
- 地獄絵 -- 幽霊・夜泣石 -- -鰐鮫- -- 蝦蟇仙人 -- ‐大物浦‐ -- -鬼女紅葉-

暁斎　KYOSAI　－　おばけの学校
ー　大物之浦海底之図　－　-幽霊・亡霊-
ー　江戸の花名勝会　四枚続

二代春章 SyunsyoⅡ Shunsho -
源義仲四天王トともに木曽の奥山に天狗を退治す

玉国 Tamakuni - 画本西遊記　百鬼夜行ノ図

豊国　Toyokuni - 大森彦七

芳晴 Yoshiharu - 『水滸伝豪傑鏡　花和尚魯智深』-刺青・大蛇- -- 舩火兒張黄

芳員　YOSHIKAZU　『源義経平知盛ノ霊ニ逢図』 -- -土蜘蛛-

芳年　YOSHITOSHI　　貞信公夜宮中に怪を懼しむの図
蒲生貞秀臣土岐元貞甲州猪鼻山魔王投倒図
為朝の武威疫病神を退く図 -- 閻魔大王・地獄-
『新形三十六怪撰　さぎむすめ』
田宮坊太郎宗親』-天狗- -- 托塔天王晁盖 -- -産女-
鬼若丸池中に鯉魚を窺う図』 -武蔵坊弁慶-
-狐火- -茨木童子- -鬼女- -大入道・煙管- and more

芳艶 Yoshitsuya - 木曽山中樋口兼光大猿退治』
- ‐平知盛‐ -大鷲-

- and some more

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. - - - Join my Yokai friends on facebook ! - - - .

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- Yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - - ABC-Index -

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .
- Reference -

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア　- Tengu ABC-List .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #ukiyoeyokai -
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9/10/2016

Books about Tengu

Hirata Atsutane 平田篤胤　(1776-1843)
has been the subject of numerous studies that focus on his importance to nationalist politics and Japanese intellectual and social history. His prolific writings on supernatural subjects have never been thoroughly analysed in English until now.
- amazon com -

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Kako 加古里子 Kako Satosh

. Daruma and Tengu 天狗とだるま .
- Little Daruma and Little Tengu だるまちゃんとてんぐちゃん

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. Knutsen, Roald Knutsen .
Tengu -The Shamanic and Esoteric Origins of the Japanese Martial Arts

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Murata 村田涼平 Murata Ryohei
tengu no ken　天狗の剣 sword of the Tengu

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Takuki Yoshimitsu 鐸木能光
. Tengu no sumu chi 天狗の棲む地 "A place were Tengu lives" .
Novel

Tsuchiya 土屋隆夫 Tsuchiya Takao (1917 - 2011)
. 天狗の面 (The Mask of a Tengu) .
Novel about 天狗堂のおりん Tengudo no O-Rin

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. Wilson, Sean Michael Wilson - Issai Chozanshi .
The Demon's Sermon on the Martial Arts: A Graphic Novel

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There are too many to list, so take a look at Amazon Com :

. books about - Tengu .

. books about - 天狗 .

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. - - - Join my Tengupedia friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #booksabouttengu #tengubooks -
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7/07/2016

Tengu reference Jomon Mura

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. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア　- Tengu ABC-Index .
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Tengu Reference Jomon Mura 縄文村

- source : jomon.org/jisho

【天狗　てんぐ】
想像上の妖怪。深山に住み、鼻が異様に高く、山伏姿をして空を自在に飛び、神秘的な力をもつと信じられている（集英社国語辞典より）。
天狗には様々な起源、意味があり、上記のように伝えられているのは比較的近世になってからの天狗像である。
特に、「鼻が高い」＝増上慢という言い換えは、江戸時代以降のもの。
もともとは山の神であり、それ以前は「天（あま）駆けるもの」＝流星という意味もあった。
日本書紀には、「舒明天皇9（637）年に、奈良の都の空を大彗星が大きな音をたてて東から西へ飛んでいった」という記述がある。当時、中国留学を終えて戻ってきたばかりの僧・旻（みん）が、「流星に非ずして、是れ天狗（アマツキツネ）なり。其の吠ゆる声、雷に似たるのみ」と天皇に奏上したという。
アマツキツネは、地上に災いをもたらす凶星か獣のこととされた。

天狗がしばしば山伏の姿に見立てられるのは、修験者の驚異的な能力を畏敬したことからくる。修験者のルーツとされる役小角（えんのおづぬ＝役行者・えんのぎょうじゃ）も、天狗に喩えられる。
（参考サイトこちら役行者ファン倶楽部）

鳥のようなくちばしを持つ烏天狗は、河童と同根、あるいは同一のものとする説もある。
いずれにせよ、天狗と山岳信仰は切っても切り離せない。
室町時代以降、全国の霊山や有力な山伏集団のいる山では、山に対する信仰心を強めるため、独自の天狗を誕生させる。日本百名山ならぬ「日本八天狗」というものもある。

愛宕山（あたごさん）太郎坊（京都）
比良山（ひらさん）次郎坊（滋賀）
飯縄山飯綱（いづなの）三郎（長野）
大峰前鬼（ぜんき）（奈良）
鞍馬山僧正（そうじょう）坊（京都）
白峰相模（さがみ）坊（香川）
相模大山伯耆（ほうき）坊（神奈川）
英彦（ひこ）山豊前（ぶぜん）坊（大分）

愛宕山太郎坊はこれら大天狗の総元締め的存在。その前身は聖徳太子の恩師・日羅だともされている。
比良山次郎坊は『今昔物語』（平安後期）にも登場。飯綱三郎は、静岡県の秋葉（あきは）山、東京の高尾山、群馬県の迦葉（かしょう）山などの飯綱系天狗の総大将。などなど、時代を経ると共に、仏教的な序列や意味づけなどもされていった。

【天狗経　てんぐきょう】
天狗は修験道と結びつき、密教的な要素を濃くしていく。
修験者たちが、日本全国の霊山から天狗たちを招聘するために唱えるという経文が天狗経。

「南無大天狗小天狗十二天狗有摩那（うまな）天狗数万騎天狗、先づ大天狗には、愛宕山太郎坊、妙義山日光坊、比良山次郎坊、常陸筑波法印、鞍馬山僧正坊、英彦山豊前坊、比叡山法性坊、大原住吉剣坊、横川覚海坊、越中立山縄乗坊、富士山陀羅尼坊、天岩船檀特坊、日光山東光坊、奈良大久杉坂坊、羽黒山金光坊、熊野大峰菊丈坊、吉野皆杉小桜坊、天満山三尺坊、那智滝本前鬼坊、厳島三鬼坊、高野山高林坊、白髪山高積坊、新田山佐徳坊、秋葉山三尺坊、鬼界ヶ島伽藍坊、高雄内供奉、板遠山頓鈍坊、飯綱三郎、宰府高桓高森坊、上野妙義坊、長門普明鬼宿坊、肥後阿闍梨、都度沖普賢坊、葛城高天坊、黒眷属金比羅坊、白峰相模坊、日向尾股新蔵坊、高良山筑後坊、医王島光徳坊、象頭山金剛坊、紫尾山利久坊、笠置山大僧正、伯耆大山清光坊、妙高山足立坊、石鎚山法起坊、御嶽山六石坊、如意ヶ岳薬師坊、浅間ヶ岳金平坊、総じて十二万五千五百、所々の天狗来臨影向、悪魔退散諸願成就、悉地円満随念擁護、怨敵降伏一切成就の加持、をんあろまや、てんぐすまんきそわか、をんひらひらけん、ひらけんのうそわか」
……この経文には、全部で48の天狗が登場する。
天狗経は室町後期にはすでに存在していたらしい。

【天狗の棲む地　てんぐのすむち】Tengu no Sumu Chi
小説。たくきよしみつ（鐸木能光）著、マガジンハウス　1994年刊　ISBN4-8387-0568-9。絶版。
天狗を祀るミニ新興宗教の主幹・茶弥明成（ちゃやめいせい）が体験する現代の異端草子。

A place where Tengu lives
Novel by 鐸木能光 Takuki Yoshimitsu
The strange experience of Chaya Meisei

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. - - - Join my Tengupedia friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Tengu 天狗と伝説 Tengu legends "Long-nosed Goblin" .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #tengureference #jomonmura -
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5/22/2016

Nihon Ryoiki book

source : plaza.rakuten.co.jp/caphiro
仏教」仏典の鬼（日本霊異記）

- quote -
Nihon Ryōiki 日本霊異記
is an early Heian period setsuwa collection. Written by Kyōkai between 787 and 824, it is Japan's oldest collection of Buddhist 説話 Setsuwa sermons .
It is three volumes in length.
- - - - - Title
Commonly abbreviated as Nihon Ryōiki, which means "Ghostly Strange Records from Japan," the full title is
Nihonkoku Genpō Zen'aku Ryōiki (日本国現報善悪霊異記).
It may also be read as Nihon Reiiki 日本霊記 .
The book has been translated into English under the title Miraculous Stories from the Japanese Buddhist Tradition, but this does not represent a literal translation of the Japanese title.
- - - - - Contents
The work is composed of three parts contained within three volumes. Each volume begins with a preface, and the final volume contains an epilogue. There are a total of 116 tales all dealing with Buddhist elements. There are also a total of nine poems.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

2 volumes by 中田祝夫 Tanaka Norio

Kyokai, Keikai 景戒（きょうかい / けいかい)
(生没年不詳）は、奈良時代の薬師寺の僧。
日本最初の説話集『日本霊異記』の著者として知られる。
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- and its modern version by 水木しげる Mizuki Shigeru
Record of Miraculous Events in Japan

. Shigeru Mizuki (水木しげる) Mizuki Shigeru .

(1922 - 2015)

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Miraculous Stories from the Japanese Buddhist Tradition:
The Nihon Ryoiki of the Monk Kyokai
By Kyoko Motomuchi Nakamura

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -

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Record of Miraculous Events in Japan: The Nihon ryoiki
By Keikai - translated by Burton Watson

- source : books.google.co.jp -

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To become a special 鬼 Oni demon, you have to make your head all red.
Sometimes the Oni has a hot iron ring on the head, sometimes he appears as a 番人 watchman.

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Once a young fox shape-shifted into the wife of a certain man and enjoyed the time with him. But when the dog barked, he showed his real features and run away as fast as he could.

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本当はこわい仏教むかし話マンガでよむ『日本霊異記』
Terrifying Buddhist Stories of the Nihon Ryoiki - told as Manga

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.......................................................................... Aichi 愛媛県 ......................................

少子部蜾蠃 Chiisakobe no Sugaru once invited a kaminari 雷 thunderbolt on request
of 雄略天皇 Emperor Yuryaku.
The emperor wanted to see a Kaminari close up, so Chiisakobe whent up a hill in Asuka, grabed a thunderbolt and showed it to the Emperor. It looked like a huge flickering serpent and the Emperor ordered Sugaru to bring it back immediately.
After Sugaru's death a stone memorial was erected in the place where it had happened. The inscription read
取雷栖軽之墓 Grave of Sugaru who grabed a thunderbolt.
The Kaminari deity got angry and tried to hit the stone, but was caught instead.

少子部螺 (ちいさこべすがる) Chiisakobe Sugaru

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -

Emperor Yūryaku (雄略天皇 Yūryaku-tennō) was the 21st emperor of Japan ...
The sword at the Inariyama Kofun (Thunderbolt Mountain Kofun) is related to him.
Inariyama burial-mound sword (稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣 inariyama kofun shutsudo tekken)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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At the time of 敏達天皇 Emperor Bidatsu a farmer once went to his fields to drain the water off. But suddenly he found himself in a huge storm and rain. So he rested under a tree, but a thunderbolt hit. The Thunderbolt had the shape of a child and said:
"If you save me, I will give you a child."
So the farmer let the Thunderbolt go back to heaven and his wife became pregnant.

Emperor Bidatsu (敏達天皇 Bidatsu-tennō, 538 – 14 September 585) was the 30th emperor of Japan ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. thunder 雷 kaminari - introduction .
Zur Zeit des Bidatsu Tennō 敏達天皇, in der Provinz Owari　尾張国, ... story in German

.......................................................................... Gifu 岐阜県 ......................................

According to the Nihon Ryoki there is a family with a record dating back to
Mino no Kitsune 美濃の狐 The Fox of Mino.
There are supposed to be about 10 families with this background.

----- Read the details here :
三野狐 Mino no Kitsune, a woman of extraordinary strength . ..
- source : books.google.co.jp -

.......................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県 ......................................

In 但馬国 Harima no Kuni (Northern part of Hyogo)
A young girl was once carried away by 鷲 an eagle. Many years later she was found in 丹波国加佐郡 the Kasa district of Tanba and could finally return home to her parents.

.......................................................................... Kyoto 京都府 ......................................

tooru no daijin no rei 融の大臣の霊 / Tôru daijin / The Minister Toru
Most of the stories of ghosts are about people becoming ghosts and appearing as a skull.
One of the oldest records is the Nihon Ryooiki 日本霊異記 Nihon Ryoiki.
宇多院 Emperor Uda (867 - 931) made an official visit to 河原院 Kawara no In (the official residence of Minamoto no Tooru 源融 Toru (822 - 895).
The late owner of this Kawara residence, Toru, appeared clad in 衣冠 formal robes as a ghost to greet the visitor.
Kawara no Sadaijin 河原左大臣 - Poet and statesman

- reference - Minamoto no Toru -

. dokuro 髑髏と伝説 Legends about the Skull .
- Introduction -

.......................................................................... Nara　奈良県 ......................................

- quote -
Gagoze ガゴゼ
Gagoze is a horrible-looking ghost who haunts the ancient temple Gango-ji in Nara prefecture. His story dates back to the Asuka period (550-710 CE). He is first depicted in illustration in Toriyama Sekien’s Gazu Hyakki Yakko, and he is said to take the appearance of a demon in monk’s garb.
His story says that during the time of Emperor Bidatsu, in old Owari province (now Nagoya in Aichi prefecture), lightning struck the ground near an farmer’s house. From the lightning emerged a thunder god in the form of a young boy, and the farmer ran outside with a stick to kill the boy. The boy pleaded with the farmer to spare his life, and promised that he would return the deed by giving the farmer and his family a young boy as strong as the thunder god. The farmer agreed, and allowed the thunder god to return to the sky.
Sure enough, the farmer’s wife soon bore a child, and the child was as strong as a thunder god! However, the child was born with a snake wrapped around his head, with the head and tail going down the back like a ponytail. When the boy turned 10, he had grown so strong and proud that he challenged a member of the imperial family to a contest of strength and won. .....
- source : Matthew Meyer -

. Gangooji 元興寺 Gango-ji .

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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

- reference : nichibun yokai database -

日本霊異記・宇治拾遺物語

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楢磐嶋（ならのいわしま）Nara no Iwashima (678 - ?)
At the time of Emperor Shomu

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -

桑原の狭屋寺 Sayadera in Kuwahara in the Ito district of Kii province
At the time of Emperor Shomu

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -

Kitsune no Atai 狐直
A Fox Family from Mino province

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -

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日本霊異記説話の研究
- - - - - Contents
.....
第一章小子部説話 - Chiisakobe
第二章狐の直説話 - Kitsune no Atai 狐直
第三章道場法師説話 - Doojoo, Priest Dojo Hoshi of the Asuka period
第四章狭屋寺説話 - 桑原の狭屋寺　Kuwahara no Sayadera
第五章役小角説話 - En no Ozunu, En no Gyoja
第六章討債鬼説話と食人鬼説話　- Demons eating humans
第七章隠身の聖説話 - Kakuremi - invisible things

----- Read the details here :
- reference source : ci.nii.ac.jp/naid - 丸山, 顯徳 -

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. - - - Join my Yokai friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .
- Introduction -

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #nihonryoiki -
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2/12/2015

ehon picture book

Hyotan-ike no Kappa 瓢箪池の河童 Kappa of the Gourd-Pond

. hyootan 瓢箪 Hyotan gourd, calabash and Kappa .

Many legends ond stories are available as picture books.
Other as manga or here

. - Manga Nihon Mukashibanashi　まんが日本昔ばなし
Old Stories from Japan
- - - - - Once Upon a Time in Japan - - - - - .

. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

under construction
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- quote
Kappa living in quiet forest

This story is set around a pond in picturesque rural Japan.
- source : itunes.apple.com

河童のカパと静かな森 Kappa named Kapa

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Kappa no gochisoo カッパのごちそう The Feast of the Kappa
A young boy meets a Kappa in a river . . .

阿部夏丸 Text / 渡辺有一 pictures / 童心社

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Kappa no aisatsu カッパのあいさつ Greeting of a Kappa
高畠那生 / 長崎出版

ミドッパとアカッパ Midoppa and Akappa (Green Kappa and Red Kappa)
stand back to back to greet each other . . .
and then some happenings . . .

- source : www.asajikan.jp/asabijin

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- copied from the original, with hyperlinks to the ehonnavi pages -

- Picture books with Kappa
- source : www.ehonnavi.net/ehon

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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

. Kaibutsu Ehon 怪物絵本 Illustrated Book of Monsters - 1881.
- Introduction -

. 河童 Kappa water goblin - Reference, books, links - .

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #kappaehon -
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2/08/2015

kaikidan ekotoba

. . . CLICK here for Photos !

- quote -
『怪奇談絵詞（かいきだんえことば）』は、日本の妖怪絵巻。作者と製作時期はともに不詳だが、幕末から明治時代初期にかけて作られたものと見られている。
全33点の怪奇譚を収録した作品であり、福岡市博物館に所蔵されている。

この絵巻独自の大きな特徴は「ヲロシヤの人魂」「イギリスの蟻」「カピタンの螻蜓」など、諸外国を奇抜な姿の妖怪として描いたものが多いことで、これらはロシアやイギリスを風刺して創作された妖怪と考えられており、当時の時代性を反映したものと見られている。

強欲の僧を風刺した「虎にゃあにゃあ」、江戸幕府の鋳造による天保通宝を風刺した「ちょうせん一賈婦人」など、風刺としての妖怪も多い。また伝承・空想上・創作の妖怪のほかにも、身体的特徴を見世物とする者を記録した「大きな陰嚢」「提灯男」、当時はまだ珍しかった動物を妖怪視したものとして、アザラシまたはオットセイを描いた「鐘崎浦の珍獣」といったものもある。
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- quote
Kaikidan Ekotoba, a mysterious handscroll that profiles 33 legendary monsters and human oddities, mostly from the Kyushu region of Japan (with several from overseas).
The cartoonish document, whose author is unknown, is believed to date from the mid-19th century. It is now in the possession of the Fukuoka City Museum.
. . .
Many Edo-period scrolls featured illustrations of unfamiliar creatures -- animals that actually existed but were rarely seen in Japan (such as fur seals and sea lions), along with creatures generally regarded as imaginary (mermaids and kappa).

The "Korean monk"
in this illustration, seen singing and playing a gekkin (moon guitar), has the physical characteristics of a kappa (water imp).

Kawataro
The kawataro is a variety of kappa (water imp) which, according to the accompanying text, likes to eat people and practice sumo. An indentation on top of the creature's head is filled with water. The kawataro becomes weak when the water spills out.

- source : pinktentacle.com

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Monsters and oddities from the Kaikidan Ekotoba
- tywkiwdbi.blogspot.jp -

- reference -

. shared at PINTEREST .

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #kappakaikidan #kappaekotoba -
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1/11/2015

Michael Dylan Foster

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- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ /　カッパ - Books and Reference -
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- Michael Dylan Foster -

The Metamorphosis of the Kappa
- Transformation of Folklore to Folklorism in Japan

The kappa is a mischievous water goblin of Japanese folklore. This article presents an overview of some of the characteristics of the kappa, including the dish-like cavity on its head, its penchant for eating cucumbers, its aversion to gourds and to iron, and its habit of trying to pull horses, cattle, and humans into the water. Some of the major critical literature regarding the kappa is discussed, including work by Yanagita Kunio, Orikuchi Shinobu, Ishida Eiichiro, and structural anthropologist Cornelis Ouwehand.
The concept of folklorism (folklorismus) is briefly defined and applied to the kappa belief.
Through folklorism, artists, writers, cartoonists, and commercial interests have transformed the kappa from a malicious and unpleasant water deity into a harmless and lovable mascot.
- source : Nanzan University - PDF file

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The Book of Yokai

... His first book — “Pandemonium and Parade” — grew out of these studies and forged many of his Japanese connections in the yokai world.

Leaving Japan in 1993 after nearly four years, Foster did not yet think of folklore as an area of study, although his Japanese had progressed enough to enjoy the local stories, particularly on a trip to Tohoku and Iwate Prefectures, and the city of Tono, an area rich in folkloric traditions where, coincidentally, the founder of folklore studies in Japan, Kunio Yanagita, had extensively researched. Returning to the University of California at Berkeley to start a master’s degree in “something practical,” Foster realized he could not forget the stories —
particularly the stories about the kappa, a Japanese water sprite legendary in Tono. Luckily, the university offered a master’s program in Asian studies, and he wrote his thesis on kappa.
After graduating and returning to Japan to study the language intensively, Foster moved onto Stanford University, graduating in 2003 where he wrote his doctorate dissertation on yokai.
... “As a folklorist, I like to have ambiguity. If I get one thing across in “The Book of Yokai” it is that there are many different versions of all these creatures, and you can not say anything definitive about them except to create broad categories.”
source : Japan Times, January 2015

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. Kappa and . Sumo　相撲　Sumo wrestling . .

- quote
COMBAT and SUMO
The chief delight of the mischievous Kappa is to challenge humans to single combat. Indeed, the Kappa delights in Japanese sumo wrestling, and often challenges its victim to a sumo bout.
Writes scholar Michael Dylan Foster: :
“In one legend involving sumo, some children are playing by the water when a child with whom they are unacquainted appears and challenges them to sumo. Observing this child closely, they realize it is actually a kappa, and that there is water in the sara on its head. Accordingly, they shake their own heads; the kappa imitates them, spilling the water. Bereft of all strength, it is forced to leave.
This love of the sport of sumo can be found throughout much kappa lore. One common method for defeating the kappa when challenged to sumo, or any other confrontation, is simply to bow politely. The kappa, though mischievous, is essentially a polite creature who defers to human ritual; it will bow in response, spilling its water, and thus losing its power.”
- source : Mark Schumacher

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. - benevolent Kappa 慈善河童　jizen no Kappa - .

Michael Dylan Foster:
"The kappa is notorious for attempting to lure horses and cows to a watery death; but the key word here is attempting. In most versions of this legend, the kappa fails; its plan backfires and it (or just its arm) is pulled by the startled horse all the way to the stable. The kappa's success rate in fondling women's shiri in the toilet may be slightly higher, but often on its second attempt its arm is grabbed and yanked from the body. And when its mischief goes awry, when it is weakened from losing water from its sara or incapacitated (emasculated) by a yanked-off arm, the honest and benevolent side of the kappa's nature surfaces.
In order to be set free or receive back its arm (the arm can often be reattached within a certain number of days), the kappa will take an oath. It will pledge, for instance, to stop harassing people in the area, or to assist with work in the fields, or to teach its captor secret bonesetting techniques and formulas for making medicine and salves. It should be noted that this last trait - the kappa's familiarity with bonesetting and other medical procedures - is one of the most widespread of the beliefs associated with the kappa.”
- source : Mark Schumacher

. - Kappa no kizugusuri カッパのきず薬 / 河童の傷薬
Kappa makes an ointment for wounds - .
Legends from Yamanashi 山梨県の民話

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. Food and the Kappa .

Michael Dylan Foster:
“One of the better known of the kappa's traits is its love of kyuri, or cucumbers. Many of the festivals associated with kappa include offerings of cucumbers (e.g., Takeda 1988, and Orikuchi 1955,). Here again, the complexity of the kappa belief is apparent. As Takeda points out, there are some regions where it is believed that eating a cucumber and then swimming will lead to certain attack by a kappa, while in other areas it is a way to ensure protection against attack (Takeda 1988).
Other foods to which the kappa is partial include nasu (Japanese eggplant), soba (buckwheat noodles), natto (fermented soybeans), and kabocha (pumpkin). .
Although the kappa is attracted to some foods of the uri, or melon, grouping - such as kyuri and kabocha - it is clear that it has an aversion to hyotan (gourds), which are also of the melon group.
The Nihon shoki passage cited above shows that the power of hyotan to confound the kappa was understood early on.
In one of the folktales involving kappa, the so-called kappa muko, or "kappa bridegroom tale" (Ikeda 1971), the same motif appears. A farmer, whose fields have dried up because of drought, offers his daughter to anybody who can irrigate them. A kappa succeeds in this task and receives the reluctant bride. The daughter, however, challenges the kappa to sink some gourds in the river. The kappa soon exhausts itself trying to complete this impossible task, and abandons the marriage.”
- source : Mark Schumacher

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. - Persons writing about the Kappa - Personen - .

. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #Kappafoster -
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12/27/2014

Reference

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. Mingei - Japanese Folk Art - TOP .

. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - Reference Books .

- KAPPA 河童 / 合羽　/ かっぱ /　カッパ - ABC-Index -

Hyotan-ike no Kappa 瓢箪池の河童 Kappa of the Gourd-Pond

. - kappa ehon　河童絵本 picture books for children - .
- Introduction -

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Davisson, Zack Davisson - 百物語怪談会 Hyakumonogatari Kaidankai - 100 Ghost Stories
A Gathering of 100 Weird Tales

- source : hyakumonogatari.com - Introduction -

Kappa to Shirikodama – Kappa and the Small Anus Ball
The Appearance of a Kappa
Do Kappa Really Exist?
The Kappa of Mikawa-cho
The One-Armed Kappa
- source : Zack Davisson - hyakumonogatari.com - Kappa

百物語 (ひゃくものがたり) ２０１１年版
福娘童話集　百物語　２０１１年版には、３３４話のこわ～い話があります。
331 horror stories so far
- source : hukumusume.com/DOUWA/pc -

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. Foster, Michael Dylan Foster - Introduction .

- - - The Metamorphosis of the Kappa - Transformation of Folklore to Folklorism in Japan
and
- - - The Book of Yokai

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Schumacher, Mark
- River Imp, Kappa - - by Mark Schumacher -
- Kappa Legend - A Comparative Ethological Study - Ishida Eiichiro

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source : JAANUS
kappa　河童 Lit. river child.
A supernatural water-sprite believed to inhabit Japan's lakes and rivers. The name kappa varies from region to region, and includes kawatarou 河太郎, kawako 河伯, and kawaranbe 河ランベ. The appearance of a kappa also varies, but kappa are generally thought to be about the size of a young boy, and covered with green scales. They also have a snout, bobbed hair, and a saucer-like depression on the top of the head that holds water. When this water supply diminishes, the kappa's special powers diminish. Kappa swim well thanks to webbed feet and hands, but can also walk on land. Kappa also can rotate their arm and leg joints fully. Some kappa resemble otters, turtles with beaks, or have wings. Kappa are said to be fond of cucumbers and of sumou 相撲 wrestling. In some regions kappa are thought to be helpful, but generally their reputation is far more malicious. In particular, kappa delight in abducting humans and horses.　Kappa are noted for their aversion to metal objects.
Illustrations of kappa frequently are included in Edo period anthologies of supernatural tales. Kappa are often depicted in comical paintings giga 戯画 in paintings accompanying verse (see haiga 俳画), and occasionally appear in ukiyo-e 浮世絵

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- - - - - wikipedia
A Kappa (河童, "river-child")
, alternatively called kawatarō (川太郎, "river-boy"), komahiki (“horse puller”), or kawako (川子, "river-child"),
is a yōkai found in Japanese folklore, and also a cryptid. The name is a combination of the word kawa (river) and wappo, an inflection of warabe (child). In Shintō they are considered to be one of many suijin (水神,“water deity”), their yorishiro, or one of their temporary appearances.
A hairy kappa is called a hyōsube (ひょうすべ) Hyosube. There are more than eighty other names associated with the kappa in different regions, including kawappa, gawappa, kōgo, mizushi, mizuchi, enkō, kawaso, suitengu, and dangame.
Along with the oni and the tengu, the kappa is among the best-known yōkai in Japan.
. . . It has been suggested that the kappa legends are based on the Japanese giant salamander or hanzaki　半割　/ 半裂オオサンショウウオ, an aggressive salamander that grabs its prey with its powerful jaws.
. . . shirikodama (尻子玉)
- source : wikipedia

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- quote
Understanding The Kappa - tutorial
- source : Ken Lim (Bing Xuan)

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Kappa - Folklore - River Monster - River Demon - Mythology
- online reference -

Kappa: Japan’s Aquatic, Cucumber-Loving, Booty-Obsessed Yokai - Essay
- source : www.tofugu.com

人間と河童の交流史 The History of Japanese Kappa *
- source : 河童日本紀行

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歴史民俗学- 特集：かっぱ・カッパ・河童

「河童」の魅力と謎に迫る内容充実の特集号。■第2回歴史民俗学研究大会での発表報告■銚子かっぱ村、千葉かっぱ村、みちのく岩手かっぱ村紹介■銚子「大内かっぱハウス」紹介■宍戸儀一「河童考」の覆刻掲載■詳細！　河童に関する文献目録■他、コラムも充実。

修験とカッパ伝承～カッパ民俗考　田村勇
大内かっぱハウス［銚子市］　木村まき
銚子地方の河童伝承　永澤謹吾
［座談会］銚子かっぱ村村民に聞く
河伯欣然　小川夏葉
千葉かっぱ村の現在と展望　清野文男
カッパ商品誕生秘話～商品名に見るカッパ　木村まき
1・キンチョウリキッド
2・黄桜、かっぱえびせん
3・きゅうりのキューちゃん、都民の日のカッパバッジ
サンカ異称に見られるカッパ類名～河尻英明氏からのフィールド採取の復元と調査　飯尾恭之
河童伝承の地域性　愛知県の事例を中心に　吉岡郁夫
みちのく岩手かっぱ村　谷村和郎
河童の歴史民俗学～没落した河伯　礫川全次
伊豆半島の河童　桜井祥行
［詩］カッパ考　木村まき
かっぱ橋商店街　田村勇
かっぱ橋商店街［街歩き］　構成・『歴史民俗学』編集部
かっぱとカワウソの実像について　岡見晨明
［俳句］河童探訪　魚泪
芥川龍之介の河童と“怪異”　青木茂雄
会津ゲスモグリ紀行～河童伝承の周辺　尾崎光弘
河童に関する文献　『歴史民俗学』編集部＝編　
河童考　宍戸儀一　
歴史民俗学研究大会［銚子大会］報告
「川の民」考～筏、川魚、世間、職師
source : www.kinokuniya.co.jp

The Folklore Society of Japan (English HP)
4-12-3 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
- source : www.fsjnet.jp/en

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『妖怪・憑依・擬人化の文化史』
笠間書院　/ 伊藤慎吾編 Ito Shingo

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カッパの生活図鑑 Illustrated Book about the Life of a Kappa

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日本伝奇伝説大事典
乾/小池/志村/高橋 - Kadokawa Shoten 角川書店
- long list of more vocabulary and long list of books

【河童(かっぱ)】《｢岩波古語辞典｣大野/佐竹/前田・岩波書店》
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢岩波日本史辞典｣・岩波書店》　
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢岩波広辞苑第五版｣・岩波書店》　
【河童(かっぱ)】妖怪 yookai 《｢日本大百科事典｣・小学館》　
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢世界大百科事典｣・平凡社》　
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢復刻大辭典｣・平凡社》
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢大言海｣大槻文彦・冨山房》
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢隠語辞典｣楳垣実・東京堂出版》　
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢民俗学辞典｣柳田國男監修・東京堂出版》　
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢日本昔話事典｣稲田浩ニ他・弘文堂》　
【河童(かっぱ)】《｢ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目版 2007｣》　
【河童石(かっぱいし)】Kappa ishi 《｢日本昔話事典｣稲田浩ニ他・弘文堂》　
【河童川(かっぱがわ)】Kappagawa 《｢日外難読語・固有名大辞典｣・LogoVista電子辞典》
【おかっぱ頭】《｢からだことば辞典｣東郷吉男・東京堂出版》

【河童橋(かっぱばし)】Kappabashi 《｢日外難読語・固有名大辞典｣・LogoVista電子辞典》
【河童駒引き(かっぱこまひき)】Kappa Komahiki 《｢日本昔話事典｣稲田浩ニ他・弘文堂》　
【河童相撲(かっぱすもう)】Kappa Sumo 《｢日本昔話事典｣稲田浩ニ他・弘文堂》　
【河童台(かっぱだい)】Kappadai 《｢日外難読語・固有名大辞典｣・LogoVista電子辞典》
【河童釣(かっぱつり)】Kappatsuri 《｢日本昔話事典｣稲田浩ニ他・弘文堂》笑話。巧智者譚。　
【河童(かっぱ)の川流れ】Kappa no Kawanagare 《｢岩波広辞苑第五版｣・岩波書店》

【河童(かっぱ)の屁】Kappa no he 《｢岩波広辞苑第五版｣・岩波書店》　
【河童(かっぱ)の屁】Kappa no he 《｢からだことば辞典｣東郷吉男・東京堂出版》

【河童忌(かっぱひ)】Kappahi 《｢岩波広辞苑第五版｣・岩波書店》　
【河童火やろう(かっぱひやろう)】《｢日本昔話事典｣稲田浩ニ他・弘文堂》　
【河童巻(かっぱまき)】Kappamaiki 《｢岩波広辞苑第五版｣・岩波書店》　
【河童聟入(かっぱむこいり)】《｢日本昔話事典｣稲田浩ニ他・弘文堂》　
【河童屋(かっぱや)】Kappaya 《｢隠語辞典｣楳垣実・東京堂出版》　
【河太郎(かわたろう)】Kawataro 《｢三州奇談｣・石川県図書館協会》- 森下河伯第十一

【水虎(すいこ)】Suiko 《｢大漢和辞典｣諸橋轍次・大修館書店》　
【水虎(すいこ)】Suiko 《｢和漢三才圖會｣寺島良安・東京美術》
【水神(すいじん)】Suijin (Water Deity) 《｢岩波日本史辞典｣・岩波書店》　　

【妹尾河童(せのおかっぱ)】 Senoo Kappa 《｢現代用語の基礎知識｣・自由国民社》
【詩集=河童】宗左近著 Poems　　
【童話=河童】坪田譲治著 Legends 　　
【屁の河童】《｢からだことば辞典｣東郷吉男・東京堂出版》- →河童の屁　

【民俗学=河童駒引(かっぱこまひき)】Kappa Komahiki 《｢柳田國男全集=山島民譚集｣柳田國男》　
【民俗学=河童駒引考】石田英一郎著副題「比較民族学的研究」

- source : www.ishinotent.co.jp ...

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Many articles at mag japaaan com
- reference : Japaaan（ジャパーン）マガジン -

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河童の正体とは何か？- with many photos

source : tanken.com/kappa.html

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にっぽん妖怪の謎―古代の闇に跳梁した
鬼・天狗・河童・狐たちは生きている!?
Monsters on Old Japan - oni tengu kappa kitsune
阿部正路

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The Last Kappa of Old Japan:
A Magical Journey of Two Friends

Sunny Seki (Author)

The Last Kappa of Old Japan is a warmly written and beautifully illustrated children's book that introduces many aspects of traditional Japanese culture and folklore, while teaching an important lesson about environmentalism.
The story is of a young Japanese farm boy who develops a friendship with a mythical creature— the kappa—a messenger of the god of water. The tale begins in post-Modern Japan when the boy is young and the kappa is healthy and ends when the kappa, now the last one left on Earth, keeps an important promise to his human friend.
- source : www.amazon.com

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いついろかっぱのものがたり Itsu iru kappa no monogatari
Sakamoto Eisuke さかもと　えいすけ
.
甲羅法師 Kora Boshi Kappa from Shirahama town, Wakayama .

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- more books about the Kappa -

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Kappa Hakubutsukan 河童博物館 Kappa Museum

なまずに乗る河童キーホルダー Kappa on a namazu catfish - keyholder

Very extensive resource with 8 extra galleries
- source : kappauv.com ...

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かっぱどっくりグループ kappadokkuri
Shopping/Retail - group on facebook
- source : facebook.com/kappadokkuri ...

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Mingei　民芸 Regional Folk Art from Japan .

#kappareference ##kappabooks #reference #literature #links #hyakumonogatari -
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