Nihon Ryoiki book

- Yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - - ABC-Index -
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Nihon Ryooiki, Nihon Ryōiki 日本霊異記 Nihon Ryoiki
Ghostly Strange Records from Japan
Record of Miraculous Events in Japan
by Kyookai 景戒 （きょうかい/けいかい) Kyokai - Keikai, priest of Yakushi-Ji in the Nara period


source : plaza.rakuten.co.jp/caphiro
仏教」仏典の鬼（日本霊異記）

- quote -
Nihon Ryōiki 日本霊異記
is an early Heian period setsuwa collection. Written by Kyōkai between 787 and 824, it is Japan's oldest collection of Buddhist 説話 Setsuwa sermons .
It is three volumes in length.
- - - - - Title
Commonly abbreviated as Nihon Ryōiki, which means "Ghostly Strange Records from Japan," the full title is
Nihonkoku Genpō Zen'aku Ryōiki (日本国現報善悪霊異記).
It may also be read as Nihon Reiiki 日本霊記 .
The book has been translated into English under the title Miraculous Stories from the Japanese Buddhist Tradition, but this does not represent a literal translation of the Japanese title.
- - - - - Contents
The work is composed of three parts contained within three volumes. Each volume begins with a preface, and the final volume contains an epilogue. There are a total of 116 tales all dealing with Buddhist elements. There are also a total of nine poems.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


2 volumes by 中田祝夫 Tanaka Norio


Kyokai, Keikai 景戒 （きょうかい / けいかい)
(生没年不詳）は、奈良時代の薬師寺の僧。
日本最初の説話集『日本霊異記』の著者として知られる。
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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- and its modern version by 水木しげる Mizuki Shigeru
Record of Miraculous Events in Japan



. Shigeru Mizuki (水木 しげる) Mizuki Shigeru .

(1922 - 2015)

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Miraculous Stories from the Japanese Buddhist Tradition:
The Nihon Ryoiki of the Monk Kyokai
By Kyoko Motomuchi Nakamura



----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -

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Record of Miraculous Events in Japan: The Nihon ryoiki
By Keikai - translated by Burton Watson



- source : books.google.co.jp -

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To become a special 鬼 Oni demon, you have to make your head all red.
Sometimes the Oni has a hot iron ring on the head, sometimes he appears as a 番人 watchman.

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Once a young fox shape-shifted into the wife of a certain man and enjoyed the time with him. But when the dog barked, he showed his real features and run away as fast as he could.

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本当はこわい仏教むかし話 マンガでよむ『日本霊異記』
Terrifying Buddhist Stories of the Nihon Ryoiki - told as Manga


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.......................................................................... Aichi 愛媛県 ......................................

少子部蜾蠃 Chiisakobe no Sugaru once invited a kaminari 雷 thunderbolt on request
of 雄略天皇 Emperor Yuryaku.
The emperor wanted to see a Kaminari close up, so Chiisakobe whent up a hill in Asuka, grabed a thunderbolt and showed it to the Emperor. It looked like a huge flickering serpent and the Emperor ordered Sugaru to bring it back immediately.
After Sugaru's death a stone memorial was erected in the place where it had happened. The inscription read
取雷栖軽之墓 Grave of Sugaru who grabed a thunderbolt.
The Kaminari deity got angry and tried to hit the stone, but was caught instead.


少子部 螺 (ちいさこべ すがる) Chiisakobe Sugaru

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -


Emperor Yūryaku (雄略天皇 Yūryaku-tennō) was the 21st emperor of Japan ...
The sword at the Inariyama Kofun (Thunderbolt Mountain Kofun) is related to him.
Inariyama burial-mound sword (稲荷山古墳出土鉄剣 inariyama kofun shutsudo tekken)
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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At the time of 敏達天皇 Emperor Bidatsu a farmer once went to his fields to drain the water off. But suddenly he found himself in a huge storm and rain. So he rested under a tree, but a thunderbolt hit. The Thunderbolt had the shape of a child and said:
"If you save me, I will give you a child."
So the farmer let the Thunderbolt go back to heaven and his wife became pregnant.

Emperor Bidatsu (敏達天皇 Bidatsu-tennō, 538 – 14 September 585) was the 30th emperor of Japan ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. thunder 雷 kaminari - introduction .
Zur Zeit des Bidatsu Tennō 敏達天皇, in der Provinz Owari　尾張国, ... story in German



.......................................................................... Gifu 岐阜県 ......................................

According to the Nihon Ryoki there is a family with a record dating back to
Mino no Kitsune 美濃の狐 The Fox of Mino.
There are supposed to be about 10 families with this background.


----- Read the details here :
三野狐 Mino no Kitsune, a woman of extraordinary strength . ..
- source : books.google.co.jp -



.......................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県 ......................................

In 但馬国 Harima no Kuni (Northern part of Hyogo)
A young girl was once carried away by 鷲 an eagle. Many years later she was found in 丹波国加佐郡 the Kasa district of Tanba and could finally return home to her parents.



.......................................................................... Kyoto 京都府 ......................................

tooru no daijin no rei 融の大臣の霊 / Tôru daijin / The Minister Toru
Most of the stories of ghosts are about people becoming ghosts and appearing as a skull.
One of the oldest records is the Nihon Ryooiki 日本霊異記 Nihon Ryoiki.
宇多院 Emperor Uda (867 - 931) made an official visit to 河原院 Kawara no In (the official residence of Minamoto no Tooru 源融 Toru (822 - 895).
The late owner of this Kawara residence, Toru, appeared clad in 衣冠 formal robes as a ghost to greet the visitor.
Kawara no Sadaijin 河原左大臣 - Poet and statesman

- reference - Minamoto no Toru -


. dokuro 髑髏と伝説 Legends about the Skull .
- Introduction -



.......................................................................... Nara　奈良県 ......................................

- quote -
Gagoze ガゴゼ
Gagoze is a horrible-looking ghost who haunts the ancient temple Gango-ji in Nara prefecture. His story dates back to the Asuka period (550-710 CE). He is first depicted in illustration in Toriyama Sekien’s Gazu Hyakki Yakko, and he is said to take the appearance of a demon in monk’s garb.
His story says that during the time of Emperor Bidatsu, in old Owari province (now Nagoya in Aichi prefecture), lightning struck the ground near an farmer’s house. From the lightning emerged a thunder god in the form of a young boy, and the farmer ran outside with a stick to kill the boy. The boy pleaded with the farmer to spare his life, and promised that he would return the deed by giving the farmer and his family a young boy as strong as the thunder god. The farmer agreed, and allowed the thunder god to return to the sky.
Sure enough, the farmer’s wife soon bore a child, and the child was as strong as a thunder god! However, the child was born with a snake wrapped around his head, with the head and tail going down the back like a ponytail. When the boy turned 10, he had grown so strong and proud that he challenged a member of the imperial family to a contest of strength and won. .....
- source : Matthew Meyer -


. Gangooji 元興寺 Gango-ji .


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. . . CLICK here for Photos !

- reference : nichibun yokai database -



日本霊異記・宇治拾遺物語

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楢磐嶋（ならのいわしま）Nara no Iwashima (678 - ?)
At the time of Emperor Shomu

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -


桑原の狭屋寺 Sayadera in Kuwahara in the Ito district of Kii province
At the time of Emperor Shomu

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -


Kitsune no Atai 狐直
A Fox Family from Mino province

----- Read the details here :
- source : books.google.co.jp -


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日本霊異記説話の研究
- - - - - Contents
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第一章 小子部説話 - Chiisakobe
第二章 狐の直説話 - Kitsune no Atai 狐直
第三章 道場法師説話 - Doojoo, Priest Dojo Hoshi of the Asuka period
第四章 狭屋寺説話 - 桑原の狭屋寺　Kuwahara no Sayadera
第五章 役小角説話 - En no Ozunu, En no Gyoja
第六章 討債鬼説話と食人鬼説話　- Demons eating humans
第七章 隠身の聖説話 - Kakuremi - invisible things

----- Read the details here :
- reference source : ci.nii.ac.jp/naid - 丸山, 顯徳 -

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. - - - Join my Yokai friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .
- Introduction -

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .


. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #nihonryoiki -
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laughing woman yokai

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- Yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - - ABC-Index -
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- warai onna 笑い女 the laughing woman
sanboku no warai onna 山北の笑い女 from the Northern Mountain -
and two more Yokai from the Tosa region 3大妖魔 :

勝賀瀬の赤頭 the red head of Shogase
本山の白姥 the white old hag from Motoyama
- - - - - and more about
Tosa no Yokai 土佐の妖怪 The Yokai monsters of Tosa

Kochi Tosa 土佐 高知県 安芸郡和食村 Aki district, Wajiki
高知県香南市 Konan town and other regions

- quote
She is a special Yokai of the mountains of Tosa.
Her stories are told since the late Edo period until the early Meiji period.
She is mentioned in the book
Tosa Bakemono Ehon 土佐化物絵本 Picture Book of Yokai from Tosa.




Every month on the first, ninth and 17th day, if people went into the mountain forests, they came home more dead than alive.
- but once upon a time
a man called Higuchi 樋口関太夫 did not pay heed to this, told his men to follow him and went into the forest.　Suddenly a girl of about 17 or 18 years appeared, pointed at Higuchi with her finger and laughed loudly. Her laugh became higher and higher, and all things in the forest, the stoned, plants, the water and wind, all laughed loud.
Higuchi and his men were stuck with fear and run away back home. At the foot of the mountain his men all fainted, but Higuche made it to his home. But until his death he could never forget the laugh of this devilish situation.

A similar story has been told about
warai otoko 笑い男（わらいおとこ) the Laughing Man.
Here the hero is a young man and Higuchi could never forget his laugh, which sounded in his ear like the shot of a gun every time he remembered the situation.

In the village of 芸西村白髪 Shirege at タカサデ山 Mount Takasadeyama two old women went to pick 山菜 wild herbs in the mountain. A young woman showed up and started laughing. The two old ladies soon begun to laugh with her. When the young woman disappeared, they could not stop laughing and developed a high fever for a few days.

In 香南市 Konan town at the ruins of the Doi castle 土居城 the laughing woman was killed by a sword. In the compound there is a small Shinto sanctuary 祠, ツルギ様 Tsurugi sama, where this sword is venerated.

In 土佐山村 Tosayama village the laughing woman appears when the wheat is ripening.

In many villages, they say the laughing woman is in fact a Tanuki　狸.
- reference ; wikipedia

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南宇和郡 Minamiuwa district

An ancestor of Hirata 僧都の平田 has met the laughing woman. When he flet to his home and closed the door, her hair became like a tree, knocking on the door until it had a hole.

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橋上村 Hashigami village

She comes out in the deep mountain and laughs geragera ゲラゲラ, but she is invisible.

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In the hamlet of 和食村 Wajiki
there lived a man deep in the mountains and blew his Shakuhachi every night in front of his hut. One day a beautiful woman came up and asked him to play the Shakuhachi for her. She said her name was "Laughing Woman".
The man smiled and told her he would play a tune to make her laugh.
Her laugh became louder and louder as he blew his Shakuhachi and was heard all over the mountain.
Now the man became angry and threw his ax and hammer at her, but the woman just picked them up and ate them with good appetite.
When the man did not know what to do any more now, suddenly the sound of a rooster came up from the valley and the "Laughing Woman" disappeared.
But the voice of the rooster did not come from an animal, but from an amulet that was hanging at the breast of the man to protect him.
This is a dangerous Yokai, because if you begin to laugh with her, you will be eaten by her.

. komusoo 虚無僧　Komuso and the Shakuhachi Flute 尺八 .
- Introduction -


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Shoogase no akagashira 勝賀瀬の赤頭 the red head of Shogase
Shogase is located in いの町 Ino, Agawa District, Kochi Prefecture

Once a man from the village met this Yokai and felt like looking into the red sunrise, but soon became very ill and almost lost his eyesight. After special treatment he could then see again.



- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

A red-headed Yokai is also known in other parts of Japan, like Tottori.
It is often depicted with red hair instead of a red head or face.
Images are found in the Hyakki Yagyo Emaki 百鬼夜行絵巻 illustrated book of 100 Oni

- quote -
A plant-like humanoid with intense red hair that can burn ones eyes if looked at.


- source : yokai.wikia.com/wiki -


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Motoyama no hakuba 本山の白姥 the white old hag from Motoyama
Motoyama village is located in Nagaoka District, Kōchi Prefecture


source : saikohime.blog35.fc2.com

There is not much to be found about this Yokai.

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waraiotoko, warai otoko 笑男 the laughing man


source : geocities.jp/kyoketu

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Tosa no kechibi　土佐の鬼火 / けち火 "demon fire" from Tosa

- quote -
人間の怨霊が火の玉と化したものとされ、草履を3度叩くか、草履に唾をつけて招くことで招きよせることができるという[1]。火の中には人の顔が浮かんでいるともいう[2]。
海上に現れるともいい、そのことから船幽霊の一種ともいわれる[3]。奈良県に伝わる怪火・じゃんじゃん火と同一視されることもある[4]。



民話研究家・市原麟一郎 Ichihara Rinichiroの著書によれば、大きく二つに大別され、人が死んだ瞬間にその肉体から発生したものと、眠っている人間から発生するものとがあるとされる[5]。

後者の事例としては、明治初期の高知県香美郡（現・香美市 Kami district）の以下のような民話がある。Yoshiyan 芳やんという男が夜道を歩いていると、物部川のそばで道端にけち火が転がっていた。近づくところころと転がりだすので、好奇心から追いかけたところ、けち火も逃げ出し、その内に人家に入り込んだ。その家では、うなされながら寝ていた男が目を覚まし、妻に「芳やんが追いかけて来るので必死に逃げて来た」と語ったという[6]。

また同じく明治時代の高岡郡 Takaoka の民話では、斎藤熊兄という度胸のある男がけち火を目撃し、「ここまで飛んで来い」と怒鳴ったところ目の前に飛来して来た。斎藤はけち火を生け捕りにしようとするが、手でつかんだり足で踏みつけようとするたびにけち火は消え、また現れを繰り返した。ようやく両手でつかみ取って家へ持ち帰ったが、家で手を開くと、いつの間にかけち火は消えていた。翌日から熊兄は原因不明の熱病にかかり、そのまま死んでしまったという[7]。

江戸時代の土佐国（現・高知県）の妖怪絵巻『土佐お化け草紙』（作者不詳）では、鬼火と書いて「けちび」とふりがながふられている[8]。
- source : wikipedia -

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- quote -
Kechibi　
It is stated to be the onryō of humans turned into balls of fire, and it is said to be possible to beckon for it by beating a zōri three times, or putting saliva on the zōri and calling for it. It is also said that the face of a human floats in the fire.

They are also said to appear above water, and from this they are sometimes called a type of funayūrei. In the Nara Prefecture, they are sometimes seen to be the same as the kaika janjanbi.

According to the folklore researcher Rinichiro Ichihara's book, they are largely split into two different kinds, the ones that come forth from the flesh the instant a human dies, and those that come from humans while they sleep.



As an example of the latter, there was a folktale as follows from the Kami Distrinct, Kōchi Prefecture from the early Meiji period.
When a man called Yoshiyan was walking through the road at night, beside the Monobe River, there was a kechibi turned over on the roadside. Upon coming closer to it, it would start rolling around, and when he chased it due to curiosity, the kechibi would also run away, and eventually he found himself entering a person's home. In that home, a man who was having a nightmare woke up, and said to his wife, "Yoshiyan was chasing me, so I ran away desperately."

Also, as a folktale in the Takaoka District also from the Meiji Period, a man with much bravery named Kumaani Saitō witnessed a kechibi, and when he shouted, "come fly over here," it flew right in front of him. Saitō attempted to catch the fire alive, but each time he tried to catch it in his hand or tread on it with his feet the kechibi would disappear, and then reappear over and over. He finally captured it in both hands and took it back to his home, but at his home, when he opened his hand, the kechibi had already disappeared before he knew it. The next day, Kumaani had a fever of unknown cause, and died just like that.

In the Tosa Obake Zōshi, a Yōkai Emaki from the Tosa Province in the Edo Period, it was written as 鬼火 and had furigana indicating a reading of "kechibi."
- source : america.pink/kechibi -


. onibi 鬼火 "devil's fire", will-o'-the-wisp .
"fox fire", kitsunebi 狐火 (きつねび)
- kigo for all winter -
”a mysterious light associated with spirits, found in various folklore tales”


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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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『あの世・妖怪・陰陽師―異界万華鏡・高知編』
- reference : - d.hatena.ne.jp

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土佐の妖怪 Tosa no Yokai - - 市原麟一郎 Ichihara Rinichiro



- reference -

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. - - - Join my Yokai friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .
- Introduction -

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .


. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #waraionnatosa #akagashira #tosayokai #waraiotoko #tosayokai -
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Laughing Monsters

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- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ /　カッパ - ABC-Index -
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- laughing monsters mandala -




source : wired.com/images_blogs - phena_greendemons



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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .


. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #laughingmonster -
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Kaido roads yurei yokai

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- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ /　カッパ - ABC-Index -

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .
. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .
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- Kaido Ancient Roads - Yokai and Yurei 街道の妖怪 - 幽霊 -



Japan developed a nationwide network of roads and highways already in the 7th century to carry things on foot, horseback, and wheeled traffic and to transport goods between towns and villages. The major roads, called kaido, started from the capital in Kyoto.

. Legends about 街道 Kaido, The Ancient Roads of Japan .

Along the roads there developed a lot of monsters and ghosts . . .

- under construction -
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- - - - - from North to South - - - - -

北海道 樺太 Hokkaido / Sakhalin

ケナシコルウナルペ
イワイセポ
アルサラウス
ミンツチノトノ
ヤカラカムイトノ、
シラルポンチャチャ
オパスホロケウポ
ケムラムカムイ

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東山道 Tosando

磐州 Banshu Fukushima 福島県
麻積婆、泥鰌娘、かすごうじの乙姫、七曲坂の鬼、橙色の飛物、猫の御新造

江州 Eshu Shiga 滋賀県
南覚花、影向杉、お鍋松の蛇、茄子婆、腥地蔵

岩州 Ganshu Fukushima 福島県
てんころりん、魂の鳩、丸山のおさん、朱の盤、布引山の蛇

飛州 Hishu Gifu 岐阜県
千光寺の鐘、大きな岩魚、南瓜蛇、鼠石、天狗髭、豆梅坊の火

上州 Joshu Gunma 群馬県
黒鼬、おぼ、大馬神、権現沼、けろけろ、くだん、赤い巾着、洗濯婆、蜘蛛が淵の主、鬼の遊び場のお婆
. kawa tengu 川天狗 "river Tengu" .

陸奥 Mutsu Aomori 青森県
さだ、臼背負、三毛猫の婆様、人形の坊様、てん転ばし、茶殻子、左京沼の主

濃州 Noshu Gifu 岐阜県
関の太郎、狗賓の鼻息　Guhin、元正狐、袋被せ、遣ろか水、ついたか見てくろ
. guhin kuhin gubin 狗賓 / グヒン Guhin Tengu Yokai monster .

陸中 Rikuchu Iwate 岩手県
ぬえ Nue、釜歌、谺、小松の姫、 六兵衛岩、ぼこ

陸前 Rikuzen Miyagi 宮城県
大海老、ざんびき童、ねんねんぐ、唸り坂の大獺、もぞこい

信州 Shinshu Nagano 長野県
両葉芒、このこに困る、空木岳の鹿、甘酒婆、薬缶吊

羽後 Ugo Akita 秋田県
紺絣の化物、狐巡査、丈高女、小又の親杉、ふふぎの貝、生垣揺、林檎怪

羽前 Uzen Yamagata 山形県
おわおわ鳥、二度びっくり、針雑魚、釜っこ下がり、付句の執念、しょけら
、
野州 Yashu   Ibaraki 栃木県
飛銚子、金色姫、三本杉の精、高鳥山の大亀


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東海道 Tokaido

尾州 Bishu Aichi 愛知県
長田蟹、衣太郎狐、かわらんべの娘、大女、姫取ヶ池の妖怪、化道蜘蛛、土鴉

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房州 Boshu Chiba 千葉県
雷鼬
熊野の三太郎
紫池の主
海入道

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. Bushu 武州 : Tokyo 東京都、Chiba 千葉県、Saitama 埼玉県 - Edo　江戸 .

kuchisake onna 口裂け女 slit-mouthed woman
haifuri tanuki 灰降狸 the ash-throwing Tanuki
isogashi いそがし "busy busy"　
kioicho no densha 紀尾井町の電車 the train from Kioi village
kurokamikiri 黒髪切 black hair cutter
onimusume, oni-musume 鬼娘 demon daughter
ooji no kitsune 王子の狐 the Fox from Oji
ooki na otoko 大きな男 the huge man
tachifusagari たちふさがり twister, whirlwind

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遠州 Enshu Shizuoka 静岡県、Aichi 愛知県

山住さん
大人淵の竜
田中の火の玉
川猿 - Kappa
夜なき婆

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賀州 Gaishu Mie 三重県

鐘喰虫
狒々猿

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常州 Joshu Ibaragi 茨城県

いくち
ぞくぞく
狢雪洞
臼子

甲州 Koshu Yamanashi 山梨県
赤牛、怠け神、治部虫、追分の唐蜀黍、ゆきおに、笠借狐、小豆そぎ婆

三州 Sanshu Aichi 愛知県
笛場怪、孫八狐、雌岩雄岩、大鰻魚、おぶめ塚、片脚上臈、二竜松の精

勢州 Seishu Mie 三重県
すててぎてぎよ、人鬼、水鼬、蛍の幽霊、かっち鮫、父ヶ谷の牛鬼

志州 Shishu Mie 三重県
黒森の鬼、山椒びらし、かんころぼし、蒟蒻虫

総州 Soshu Chiba 千葉県、Ibaraki 茨城県
利根川の大鯉、隠し婆、金網、禿切小僧、山のおばけ、大唐が鼻の化物

相州 Soshu Kanagawa 神奈川県
お宮の化物、おさよならい、おはんさん、釣瓶坂、土用坊主、お化け梟

駿州 Sunshu Shizuoka 静岡県
宇津の谷の鬼、白鳥山の白坊主、なめだら牛、千本の化物、五色蔦の精

豆州 Zushu - Izu - Shizuoka 静岡県
狩野の古釜、大滝の主、天狗の蜜柑、乳っこ担ぎ


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北陸道 Hokurikudo

越後 Echigo Nigata 新潟県

dannasama 旦那様
kangirikko 禿切子
Kappa no onna 河童の女 female Kappa from the river 糸魚川 Itoigawa
toofuneko 豆腐猫 Tofu Cat
shirotsubu 白田螺 white Tanishi mud snail
yama kara kei 山から鶏
yokizutzu hebi 横筒蛇
yoru no mimizu 夜蚯蚓

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越前 Echizen Fukui 福井県

bisha ga tsuku びしゃがつく
iburiyama 飯降山
mangabuchi no nushi 馬鍬淵の主
narita なりた
oharugitsune おはる狐 the fox O-Haru
Tengu no unga 天狗の浮塵子
tsubaki joro 椿女郎 "camellia prostitute"

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越中 Etchu Toyama 富山県
滑川の大章魚、海の猩々、蟹嫁様、妖鼠、せんぽくかんぽく、くたべ

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加州 Kashu Ishikawa 石川県
大おに、火の玉爺さん、ぼんぼしょ、火取魔、斧坂の化物、長面妖女、ぐず

若州 Nyakushu Fukui 福井県
善徳虫、大青蛙、女郎魚、およね狐

能州 Noshu Ishikawa 石川県
山燈、茶釜下、みずくし、猿鬼、赤蜂、桃ヶ瀑

佐渡 Sado Niigata 新潟県
碁盤波、雪隠鬼、臼負婆、海禿、衾 fusuma


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畿内 Kinai - Kyoto Osaka Nara

城州 Joshu Kyoto 京都府
異電、毛虫の大坊主、片輪車、尻目、辰己大明神、橋姫

河州 Kashu Osaka 大阪府
赤子淵の主、門真のお三、納戸爺さん、芒おばけ、姥が火、悪火

泉州 Senshu Osaka 大阪府
卵の獄卒、土生のおさん

摂州 Sesshu Osaka, Hyogo 大阪府、兵庫県
赤渕、明月姫、目無し稚児、箕面山の天狗、源兵衛狸

和州 Washu Nara 奈良県
破石、鏡池の火の玉、ごんずい、山あらし、金の蛙、べとべとさん、筐転り

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Sanyodo 山陽道

播州 Banshu Hyogo 兵庫県
阿菊虫、とます、淡桃躑躅、菅笠著た子、誰袖坂、蛸山伏

備州 Bishu Okayama 岡山県、Hiroshima 広島県
蜘女房、骨喰猫、おじち山のおさん、西大寺梵鐘、米噛石、生姜の呻声、焚朗火

防州 Boshu Yamaguchi 山口県
八の字狸、二人大坊主、柿の葉の化物、馬糞ヶ岳の大蛇、枇杷精

長州 Choshu Yamaguchi 山口県
お月さんの蜘蛛、ひけ、山みさき、平家蟹

芸州 Geishu Hiroshima 広島県
一本角、七鍋、宮写貝、傾城ヶ淵の主

作州 Sakushu Okayama 岡山県
保木の大蛇、こそこそ、蘇鉄の化物、牛飼いの雲雀、栗姫、宇兵衛どん宇兵衛どん、
杓子岩、樽岩


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山陰道 Sanindo

伯州 Hakushu Tottori 鳥取県
ごいぞう、勝手のええ蜘蛛、銀兜怪、まかげ

因州 Inshu Tottori 鳥取県
甘露落とし、種の藤助の嬶、蛇の医者、囲炉裏の婆

隠岐 Oki Island Shimane 島根県
山姥蜘蛛、魔法飯綱、もた、やさい艪、七尋女房

石州 Sekishu Shimane 島根県
蓑を着た大男、獺の小豆磨、綿売り三匁、菖蒲がさこの婆、菅笠下、女郎虫

丹州 Tanshu (Tanba) Kyoto 京都府
衣章魚、大蛇の姉妹、白い幕、片枝松、渡柄杓、筵の手

但州 Tanshu Hyogo 兵庫県
但馬の大章魚、念仏谷の鼬、こんこんさんの道、井垣甚十郎、辻坊主

雲州 Unshu Shimane 島根県
鎧蛙、壁の上の抜首、飛藁束、鮗の宮、おしみ


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南海道 Nankaido - Shikoku

阿州 Ashu Tokushima 徳島県
お福石、天神様の銀杏、鬼飯銭、お芳狸、袖もぎさん、芥子坊主、夜行さん

紀州 Kishu Wakayama 和歌山県
海犬、目塗り、子犬のようなもの、小原淵の竜女、平家の旗竹、岩の侍

讃州 Sanshu (Sanuki) Kagawa 香川県
おしょぼ、高壁、大鰈、狸の石、蛇の目傘の呵々、高松の怪魚、亀蛭子、猫の外道

淡州 Tanshu Hyogo 兵庫県
しとりの池の大蛇、安乎の海坊主、かりかり

土州 Toshu Tosa Kochi 高知県
しばてん、羽指鯨、狸の自転車、山父、箸舐兎、手杵返、おちちんぷんぷん、山鰐

予州 Yoshu Ehime 愛媛県
おやま女郎、隠神刑部、牛鬼、砂洗い、風ぶれ

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西海道 Saikaido - Kyushu

豊州 Bushu Oita 大分県
鬼新太夫、法螺の貝、八幡の森の鬼、鼬の塗壁、兄弟割石、ひとだま、空木返し、ししこり

筑州 Chikushu Fukuoka 福岡県
ぼっくりしょ、鼠娘、阿弥陀がむね、御寺の鬼、山神椿、寿命貝、人食い幽霊、めら、山哭、司生虫、

肥州 Hishu - Saga, Nagasaki, Kumamoto 佐賀県、長崎県、熊本県
石渚女、蛸聟殿、野狐小僧、御辛労の池、南蛮井戸、坊様鯨、いでもち、油すまし、一ッちょ目、豆腐娘

壱岐 Iki Island Nagasaki 長崎県
かしゃの雨、塗坊、美しい傘、舟しとぎ、湯坊主

隅州 Gushu Kagoshima 鹿児島県
早馬殿、一反木綿、二反ばえ、おじどん

日州 Hisshu Miyazaki 宮崎県
百椀とどろ、とんごし婆、貧乏枇杷、無いもん食う、むき、ひょうずんぼ

薩州 Sasshu Satsuma Kagoshima 鹿児島県
下い股、火の斎の雉、甕壺の化物、銭排猪、お耳長様 　　小倉の海女、米蛸、ぬっぺっ坊、このつきとっこう

対州 Taishu Nagasaki 長崎県
蜷割り、十六日烏賊、さすれい、にんじん

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琉球　Ryukyu Kagoshima - Okinawa 鹿児島県　ー 沖縄県

akamataa アカマター dangerous serpent
- source : yokai database -

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dangasamajimun ダンガサマジムン

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kijimunaa キジムナー Kijimuna



The Kijimuna (キジムナー Kijimunaa) are creatures of the mythology native to the island of Okinawa. The kijimuna are small wood spirits according to Okinawan mythology.
They are said to look around three or four years old and have red hair.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

The Kijimuna is also called ブナガヤ Bunagaya.
Someone went collecting firewood and saw it. Its hair is all red, and so is the face. It has the features of a child of four or five years.
Some say it is Yamanokami and pray to it.


kenmun 水蝹 Kenmun
a kappa/kijimunaa hybrid
Kenmun are hairy water and tree spirits from the Amami islands in southern Japan.
- reference source : Matt Alt -

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nakanodakarinusuuyooi ナカンダカリヌスーヨーイ

ushinoshita unagu 牛舌女 woman with a bull tongue

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zan ザン
From the Amami islands 奄美諸島



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- source : wakanmomomikan.yu-nagi.com -

幽霊街道 Yurei Kaido
- source : Yokai Database - - 84


. 日本の街道 Kaidoo The Ancient Roads of Japan .
- Introduction -

. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .


. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .


. Minwa 民話　folktales / densetsu 伝説　Japanese Legends .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #kappakaidoyokai #yokaikaido #kaidoyokai #kimimuna #bunagaya -
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[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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Tofu Kozo

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. yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - Introduction .
. kozoo 小僧と伝説 Kozo, Legends about temple acolytes and youngsters .
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- Toofu Kozoo, Tōfu kozō 豆腐小僧 Tofu Kozo, The Tofu Boy -

. Bean curd ( 豆腐 toofu, Tofu, Dofu) .
- Introduction -
Tofu is made made by coagulating soy milk, and then pressing the resulting curds into blocks.


CLICK for more photos !

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- quote
Tōfu-kozō – The Tofu Boy
Zack Davisson
On a dark and stormy night Edo night, if you should happen to turn around and see a giant baby dressed in an enormous bamboo hat and carrying a wiggly block of tofu festooned with a maple leaf, don’t panic. Despite the strange appearance, it is only Tofu Kozo, one of the most harmless of all of Japan’s bizarre yokai tribe.



Who is Tofu Kozo?
One of Japan’s most popular yokai, the name Tofu Kozo is most commonly translated as “tofu boy” or “tofu kid,” although a more literal—albeit clumsy—translation would be “tofu young Buddhist priest.” But the Buddhist associations don’t run any deeper than the name, with “kozo” being a common term for young boys in Japan.

Tofu Kozo generally appears as a small boy, or even a baby, in a giant, conical bamboo rain hat and a traditional kimono. The kimono can be plain, or highly decorated with daruma figures, red rockfish, horned owls, and taiko drums, all of which were thought to be talismans against small pox during the Edo period. As the same suggests, Tofu Kozo are never seen without a plate of tofu, which is decorated with a single maple leaf impression.

Lacking any special powers or features other than appearance, Tofu Kozo is said to wander through deserted city streets at night, or during the rain. Generally shy and timid, Tofu Kozo sometimes likes to sneak behind humans and follow them through the streets.

There is little agreement about Tofu Kozo amongst writers. Some say that there is only one Tofu Kozo, and that he is a sort of yokai prince, the son of the yokai supreme commander Mikoshi Nyudo and his wife the Rokurokubi. Some say that tofu kozo are nothing more than errand boys for the yokai, rushing back and forth on endless tasks.

From the Showa era and up, there have been accounts of Tofu Kozu as meeting people on rainy streets at night, and offering up some delicious tofu. Anyone who eats the tofu finds their body growing with mold from the inside until they die. Yokai researchers Kyougoku Natsuhiko and Yamaguchi Bintaro trace this legend as having been invented for for childrens’ books in the Showa era to give the Tofu Kozo a bit more of an edge for modern readers.

One the opposite side, in modern Japan therapists have been using Tofu Kozo as a yokai who gets bullied by other yokai, and is used in anti-bullying therapy and education.

The Origin of Tofu Kozo
Tofu Kozo has the unique status of being Japan’s first modern, city-bred yokai. Unlike other yokai that sprang from ancient and rural Japan, the Tofu Kozo has no folklore heritage, no appearances in traditional folktales or legends. He arrived fully formed suddenly during the Anei era (1772-1781), where he quickly became a popular character for picture books, kabuki performances, toys, advertisements, cookbooks, and yellow-covered kiboshi illustrated stories.

There are several theories as to the origin of Tofu Kozo. One aspect is tofu itself. The urban Edo period saw the rise of tofu as a popular food source, cheap and nutritious. One picture book of the time, Edo Meisho Zue (江戸名所図会) “Collection of Pictures of the Famous Places of Edo” by Hasegawa Settan, shows tofu dealers wearing the iconic conical bamboo hat as they travel the streets back and forth with their wares. Other illustrations from the period show yokai like tanuki and kappa carrying tofu, and it is speculated that some enterprising tofu dealer might have created Tofu Kozo as an advertising character for their shop, only to see the character’s popularity run away from them.

Mizuki Shigeru gives the location of Tofu Kozo as Satsuma province, modern day Kagoshima prefecture, although the character is seen all over Japan. During the Edo period, when the 100 candle storytelling game of Hyakumonogatari Kaidankai was popular, game players and storytellers were always on the lookout for new yokai stories to tell, and it is likely that the legend of Tofu Kozo was created and expanded upon during numerous storytelling sessions.

The first known print appearance of Tofu Kozo is in the 1777 kiboshi illustrated book “Bakemono Shiuchi Hyoban-ki” (妖怪仕内評判記; “Commentary on Notable Events of the Yokai”), written by Koikawa Harumachi. A few years later in 1782, he appeared in a popular tofu cookbook called “Tofu Hyakuchin” (豆腐百珍; “The 100 Curiosities of Tofu”) by Hitsujun Ka. The character continued to be popular through the Meiji era.

The Many Faces of Tofu Kozo
Because there is no traditional origin for Tofu Kozo, artists have depicted him in varying ways over the years. Early descriptions describe him as having an enormous head, like an overgrown baby. Koikawa Harumachi described him this way in “Bakemono Shiuchi Hyoban-ki,” and the artist Kitao Masayoshi even named him Ogashira Kozo, meaning “Big Head Boy,” in his 1787 picture book “Bakemono Chakutōchō” (夭怪着到牒). For a short time, it was popular to draw Tofu Kozo as having only one eye, but this fad soon faded and by 1853 Tofu Kozu was drawn looking like a normal young boy, as seen in the illustrated book “Kyoka Hyakumonogatari” (狂歌百物語).

An obvious relative of Tofu Kozo is Hitotsume Kozo, meaning the One-Eyed Boy. Although Hitotsume Kozo is an older, more traditional yokai, over the years the two have come to resemble each other as their stories and appearances merged. This has caused researchers to postulate that they are the same yokai. But while they have had obvious influences on each other—and are depicted as cousins in many modern yokai stories—they are generally considered to be separate characters.
- source : Zack Davisson

- source : National Diet Library -

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- quote -
Tōfu-kozō (豆腐小僧, literally tofu boy) is a yōkai of Japan, and is a yōkai that takes on the appearance of a child possessing a tray with tōfu on it. It is a yōkai that frequently appears in the kusazōshi and kibyōshi and kaidan books from the Edo period, and from the Bakumatsu to the Meiji period, people have become familiar with them as a character illustrated on toys[2] such as kites, sugoroku, and karuta. They can also be seen in senryū, kyōka, e-hon banzuke (pamphlets that introduce the contents of a shibai), and nishiki-e, etc.


"Ōjidai Karano Bakemono" by Shuntei Katsukawa.
An example of a tōfu-kozō with one eye.

. . . Based on the folk belief that hitotsume-kozō like tōfu, and since there was the card in yōkai karuta called "Boy with His Toungue Out Licking a Tōfu (した出し小僧のとうふなめ?," as well as senryū poems such as
"behind the tōfu shop there is a one-eyed boy
(豆腐やのうらは一つ目小僧也 to-o-fu-ya-no/u-ra-ha-hi-to-tsu-me/ko-zo-u na-ri)"
and "
tōfu-kozō are one-dice-eyed fellows wearing kasa
(笠のうち眼は一ツ賽の目の奴んも化す豆腐小僧は),"
it has been pointed out that tōfu-kozō would thus be no more than an alternate name for hitotsume-kozō, but since there are many tōfu-kozō that don't have one eye, there is also the claim denying that they are the same as hitotsume-kozō, and that tōfu-kozō and hitotsume-kozō were created separately.
In any case, there are many parts that are still unclear, and there is still research going on about how tōfu-kozō developed.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

katame 片目 "with one eye" could well be a pun with　katame 固め hard tofu

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. Mikaribaba, Mikari Basan 蓑借り婆さん / ミカリバアサン
"old hag Mikari" .
And her companion, me hitotsu kozo 目一つ小僧 (Hitotsume Kozo)

. 一つ目達磨 hitotsume Daruma - 白隠 Hakuin .
Hakuin teaches us that we can hear the sound of one hand or view the world with one eye ...

. me hitotsu kozoo 目一つ小僧 and Yamanokami .
from Shizuoka

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. Hitotsume Kozoo 一つ目小僧 Hitotsume Kozo - Young Monk with One Eye .
and
一つ目小僧地蔵 Hitotsume Kozo Jizo



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- flying tofu -

雁鴨は我を見捨てゝ去りにけり
豆腐に羽根の無きぞ嬉しき

Goose and duck
leaving, I am out of luck
happily, I see
My tofu, lacking wings
cannot abandon me!

. Ryokan / Ryookan 良寛 (1758-1831) .

. Flying Tofu, discussion with Robin D. Gill .
Kyoka, Japan's Comic Verse: A Mad in Translation Reader
By Robin D. Gill

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Tofu Kozo and Daruma san !



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- - - - - Legends with tofu 　豆腐伝説　- - - - -

The fox has a special relationship to tofu, especially fried tofu,
abura age　油揚げ.
They will be collected in a separate entry.
. kitsune 狐 fox legends .

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........................................................................... Tengu 天狗 the long-nosed goblin

Gunma 群馬県

Once upon a time
a Tengu turned himself into a boy apprentice and lived at the temple Kashozan. Once he went on an errand to 沼田 Numata, which takes about 30 minutes. The head priest had asked him in the morning to go and get some fresh tofu.
(今日できの豆腐 - kyo deki no tofu )
But today of all days, the boy returned only late in the evening.
When he arrived, the priest aksed him what had happened.
"Well, you told me to go to Kyoto to get some Tofu, so I went there!" (Being a Tengu, he could fly . . .)
(京できの豆腐 - Kyo (Kyoto) deki no tofu)
This is a pun on the sound of KYO.

. Kashozan 迦葉山 a Tengu mountain .

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Chiba 千葉県
The same story as above, from the town of 市原 Ichihara.


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Saitama 埼玉県 / Chichibu 秩父



In the remote Chichibu mountains is a waterfall with a 天狗岩 Tengu Rock, where once a Tengu lived. The priest from a nearby temple often asked him for an errand. When there were visitors at the temple, the Tengu would fly to to Kyoto in one blink of the eye and get some fresh Tofu.


. Tengu Legends 天狗伝説 - Introduction .

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source :　ranryoutei.blog.shinobi.jp

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......................................................................................... Fukushima 福島県
三春町 Miharu

On the day 甲子 KINOE you can prepare all kinds of food, but Tofu has to be one of it.
. kinoe, ki no e, kasshi 甲子 day of the rat and element water .
The rat (mouse) is closely related to Daikoku.


......................................................................................... Gifu 岐阜県
高山市 Takayama

mujina ムジナ badger
Once an old man had walked all the way to 神岡 Kamioka to get some Tofu for the New Year celebrations, but on the way, a badger stole it from him.

. tanuki 狸 mujina, badger .


......................................................................................... Gunma 群馬県

rokusen 六算 calculating with SIX - ( 惣身六算 )
When someone is ill the cure is made by "calculating with six".
First take the age of the ill person and divide it by 9. The number can now be equated to a part of the body.
1 and 3 are legs, 2 and 6 are the sides, 4 is the stomach, 8 are the upper legs. 5 and 7 the shoulders.
If the healing was successful, offering of Tofu, sekihan 赤飯 red cooked rice and dango 団子 rice balls were made to the 稲荷 Inari deity.


......................................................................................... Ibaragi 茨城県
水戸市 Mito

１２月８日と２月８日の夕に、豆腐を小さく切って葱とともに串に通して、門の両側にさしておくと邪気をはらうという。昔は大蒜をはさんだので、これを蒜豆腐という。
.
旧正月３日は三日月神社の縁日で、これに祈願すると子供の吹出物や疣が治るといわれている。豆腐の献供が多く、三日月信仰者はこの日は豆腐を食べないという。


......................................................................................... Iwate 岩手県
九戸郡

yama no kami 山の神
12月12日は山の神さんの年取りで、ゴエンニチともいう。山の神は12人の子どもを持っているのでストギと豆腐をそれぞれ12切れ供える。ストギをつくるのはたいてい女だが、食うと子どもを12人生むことになるため、女が食べてはいけない。


......................................................................................... Kagawa 香川県

hitobashira no rei 人柱の霊
亀山城を築城するとき、通りかかった豆腐屋を捕らえて生き埋めにし人柱にした。今でも雨のしとしと降る淋しい晩などは、「豆腐、豆腐」という悲しげな売り声が聞こえてくる。


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kuwasai (kasai) 火災，kitausoo 祈祷僧
１３，４軒の家が焼失した。その前数日の間、付近に豆腐やこんにゃくが捨てられていたので奇妙に思ったが、聞けば、どこからか現れた祈祷僧が火災を予言し、逃れたければ金や豆腐、こんにゃくを捨てよといったためだという。不思議なことだ。


......................................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県

12月1日は水溢しの朔日で、長方形に切った豆腐を串に刺して、炉の四隅に立て、水をかけてから屋根に投げ上げて鳥に食わせると、火除けになるという。

仙台市 Sendai
Jooenboozuka 浄円坊塚 Mount for Joenbo
東照宮の下、東側の延寿院にある。東照宮別当仙岳院の僧浄円は足が速く、飯釜をかけて炊き上がらないうちに出羽の羽黒山に往復した。師の坊が重病で最上の豆腐を食べたいといったところ、即座に買ってきた。一生のうちに羽黒山に238回往復したという。元禄12年に76歳で示寂。鉄のワラジや大小のワラジが奉納してある。水疣が治るといわれ、お礼に酒や餅を塚に供える。


......................................................................................... Miyazaki 宮崎県
高千穂町 Takachiho

Kawataro 河太郎 Kappa
Once the priest from temple 泉福寺 Senpuku-Ji threw a stone at the Kappa, but the stone hit the favorite food of this Kappa, his Tofu. When the priest came to the river the next time, there was a lot of water and he could not cross it. So he brought a piece of Tofu with a knife stuck in it, and the water retreated.
Now many visitors to this temple bring a piece of Tofu with a needle stuck in it as an offering.
針を刺した豆腐

. Legends - Kappa densetsu　河童伝説 .
. Senpukuji 泉福寺 Senpuku-Ji Fudo - Kanagawa .


......................................................................................... Nagasaki 長崎県
島原市 Shimabara

darashi だらし
ある人が、急用のため、十分にご飯を食べずに峠のところで、急に体がだるくなり、どうにも動けなくなった。連れの者に肩を借りて歩いていると、高野豆腐が一つ落ちていた。それを拾って食べると、けろりと元に戻った。だらしにつけられたのである。


......................................................................................... Niigata 新潟県
関川村 Sekikawa

Daikoku sama 大黒様
12月9日は大黒様の嫁取り・大黒様の祝言・オカタ迎え・大黒様の年取り・大黒様の年夜などといい、二股大根ときな粉餅・小豆餡餅・豆御飯・豆腐汁・打豆入汁・納豆・炒り豆の7色を供える。炒り豆は焙烙で3回炒り、一生枡に入れて、「大黒様大黒様豆振って聞かせます　耳あけて聞かれやれ　目あけて見しゃっしゃれ」とうたって供える。大黒様は耳が聞こえないという。

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konbu こんぶ
大年の晩には、ごぼう・こんにゃく・焼豆腐・コンブを煮た、「年取りのオヒラ」を食べる。これを食べると年を取る。特にコンブは「よろこんぶ」といい、必ず入れた。「年を取りたくない」と言ってこれを食べずに縁の下に隠れていると、余ったものを全部くれていっぺんに年を取ってしまったという話がある。

......................................................................................... Okinawa 沖縄県

mazumunu マズムヌ
マズムヌは山や人家に住む。人間が腹を叩いて「グッダ、グッディ」と泣くことを嫌う。酒や塩煮の魚、豆腐の刻んだものが好物である。


......................................................................................... Saitama 埼玉県
皆野町　Minano

oosaki おおさき a fox-like animal
人の世話をしたがうまくいかず、恨まれて病気になった老婆がいた。「豆腐が食いたい」というので持っていくと食べた。死んだあと体を見ると、脇や腰の下に毛がついていた。オオサキに憑かれたため死んだとのことである。


......................................................................................... Tochigi 栃木県
茂木町 Motegi

. Yooka sama 八日様 Yoka Sama, the Honorable Day Eight. .

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粟野町 Awano

rokusan sama ロクサン様 Rokusan Sama
Pain in the shoulders, lower back or legs is often simply called "Rokusan".
People visit elders who perform rituals to get rid of Rokusan (rokusan sake ロクサン避け).
They also offer special kinds of Tofu bean curd to Rokusan or the Family Deity (ujigami sama 氏神様).


masudoofu マス豆腐 / 枡豆腐 Tofu in a wooden Masu cup.

. Rokusan　六三 伝説　legends about Rokusan, deity of illness .


......................................................................................... Tokushima 徳島県
一宇村 Ichiu

hotokesan 仏さん
１２月の初巳の日はミノヒといって、仏のお正月であるという。この日はオハカサンに竹を組んで注連縄を張り、お供えをして草履も置いておく。家で身内が集まって会食し、夜の１２時を過ぎてから墓地に向かい、麦藁を燃やした火で炙った餅や豆腐を食べる。仏さんは藁火の明かりで、人々の様子を見ているとされた。

in other parts of Japan
mi no hi ミの日，ミウマ，タツミ

旧12月はじめの巳の日に仏壇に豆腐や餅を供える。四国でも各地により多少相違はあるが、この日は死霊が訪れてくる日だと信じていた。


......................................................................................... Tokyo 東京都
南多摩郡 恩方村　Tama, Ongata

お灸をすえた時には、豆腐を食べると灸熱を吸い込まれないという。

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新島村 Niijima village on the island of Niijima

runin 流人，enoki 榎
豆腐を買いに行った流人が、豆腐を盗んだかどで捕らえられて、首を斬られた。死に際して流人は、自分が死んだ後、墓地から榎が生えるであろうが、それは自分が潔白だったと言う証だと言い残した。そして生えた榎が「なぞの榎」だと言い伝えられている。


......................................................................................... Yamagata 山形県
鶴岡市 Tsuruoka

imi 忌 absention, ritual purification
黒川村の王祇祭で豆腐を作るとき、産死の忌の人が来ると豆腐が固まらないとされている。


......................................................................................... Yamaguchi 山口県
福栄村 Fukue

inugami 犬神 Dog Deity
犬神に憑かれると、寿司の味がわからなくなる、豆腐が水になる、もち米を搗いても餅にならないなどのことが起き、妬んだ人のことを口走る、雪中を駆け出す、妊婦が鳥を殺す、などの行動をとる。

. Inugami 犬神 "Dog Deity" .

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Yokai Database - tofu - 57 entries (00)
- source : Nichibun Yokai Database -

- reference -

. Tofu Kozo shared at PINTEREST .

Actor Onoe Waichi II as a Tôfu Buyer (Tôfukai) and
a One-Legged Ghost (Ippon ashi no obake)
Utagawa Kunisada (1786 - 1865)

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Curry カレー, karē, karee .
one of the most popular dishes in Japan

- ＣＬＩＣＫ　for more photos ! -

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. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .

. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. kozoo 小僧と伝説 Kozo, Legends about temple acolytes and youngsters .

- #tofukozo #tofukozoyokai #kozoo #kozo -
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Tenaga Ashinaga monsters

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- - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - -
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- Tenaga Ashinaga 手長足長 "long arms, long legs" -

Otenagasama, O-Tenaga sama お手長様
Ashinaga kozoo 足長小僧 the Boy Ashinaga



Tenaga-Ashinaga shaving Fukurokuju
. Kawanabe Kyosai .
. Tenaga Myojin 手長明神 The kami with long arms .

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- quote
Ashinaga-tenaga (足長手長, "Long Legs Long Arms")
are a pair of yōkai in Japanese folklore. One, Ashinaga-jin (足長人), has extremely long legs, while the other, Tenaga-jin (手長人), has extremely long arms. They were first described in the Japanese encyclopedia Wakan Sansai Zue.
They are said to be found in Kyūshū.



Description
The pair is commonly described as people from two countries, the "Long-legged Country", and the "Long-armed Country". As the names suggest, the inhabitants of these two countries possess unusually lengthy arms and legs. The two work together as a team to catch fish by the seashore. In order to do this, the long-armed man, tenaga, climbs onto the back of the long-legged man, ashinaga. The ashinaga then wades out into the shorewaters, staying above water with his long legs, while the tenaga uses his long arms to grab fish from his partner's back.

According to the Wakan Sansai Zue, the tenaga is also known as chōhi (長臂), and his arms can reach three jō in length, or a bit over nine meters. The ashinaga's legs stretch to two jō, or just slightly over six meters.

An essay from the Kasshiyawa by Matsura Seizan also describes the ashinaga.
The essay documents a man's anecdotal account of an unfortunate encounter with a strange being. The man was fishing by the seashore on a clear, moonlit night, when he spots a figure with nine shaku long legs (about 2.7 meters) roaming around on the beach. Shortly after, the weather turns bad and begins to rain heavily. The man's servant then informs him that they had just seen an ashinaga, and that sightings of this yōkai always brought bad changes in weather.
- source : wikipedia

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- source : japaaan.com -
Kawanabe Kyosai 河鍋暁斎

Yokai with long noses

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Fukushima 福島県

Once upon a time, there lived Tenaga and Ashinaga on Mount Bandaisan 磐梯山.
They reached to the sky, collected all the clouds and heavy rain fell and flooded the plains. They looked at all the destruction they caused with great pleasure!
Along came Kobo Daishi, fooled them cleverly and banned them into a small box.
Now they are venerated as 磐梯明神 Bandai Myojin.

And at Miyagi 宮城県 - 丸森町 Marumori Karoosan 鹿狼山 Mount Karo-San "Dear Wolf"

On the border to Fukushima in Soma 相馬郡 there is mount 手長山 Tenagayama, where the deity 手長明神 Tenaga Myojin (The kami with long arms) roams. He takes a tame white fox along when he walks. He can stretch his long arms from the mountain top to the sea to catch mussels and clams and where he throws away the shells, there is his Kaizuka yashiki 貝塚屋敷, now in Soma at the village Kogawa 小川部落.
Near the mountain top is a rock formation where the deity used to sit and rest, called
Tegaga Myojin no koshikare ishi 手長明神の腰掛石.

Tenagayama is about 236 m high, near Ishinomaki.



- source : Fukushima Furusato -
磐梯明神 Bandai Myojin shrine at the top of the mountain


. Kobo Daishi Kukai 弘法大師　空海 - (774 - 835) .

. Legends about Mount Bandai San 磐梯山 .

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Mie 三重県

If you hand a ruler 物差し to someone from hand to hand, the child of Tenaga will be born.


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Miyagi 宮城県 Sendai　仙台　



Oogisaka 扇坂 Ogisaka slope
Near the eastern gate of Sendai castle there is a slope in the form of a handfan (ogi). At the end of the slope is Sujigaibashi 筋違橋. The mysterious boy 足長小僧 Ashinaga Kozo lives there.
Sometimes he rolls the head of a human being down this slope.


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Saitama 埼玉県
高崎線岡部駅 Takasaki Okabe

At 森下イッケ O-Tenaga sama お手長様 is venerated. He is the deity
天手長雄命 / 天手長男神 Ame no Tenaga no Mikoto
He is a deity to protect from fire 火伏せの神. When called on during a fire, he will come and help with his long arms and extinguish the fire.


Otenaga kofun お手長山古墳 Otenaga - ancient burial mound
from the 6th century
埼玉県深谷市岡2006-1
- source : wikipedia -

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Yamagata
飽海郡 Akumi district 遊佐町 Yuza town

Once upon a time, there lived 手長足長 Tenaga and Ashinaga on 鳥海山 Mount Chokaisan.
They were so huge, they could stand on the mountain top, strech the long arms to grab fishermen from the ocean and eat them.
Ten no Kami 天の神 The Deity of Heaven became angry about this and made the mountain explode. Part of the debris became the island 飛島 Tobishima (The Island that has flown here.).



. Ten no Kami 天の神 The Deity of Heaven .


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. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

- reference : yokai database -

日本各地に伝わる伝説の巨人「手長足長」
(with many photos)
- reference : karapaia.livedoor.biz -

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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .

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. Kappa densetsu　河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .

. - yookai, yōkai 妖怪 Yokai monsters - .


. Minwa 民話　folktales / densetsu 伝説　Japanese Legends .

. Mingei 民芸　Regional Folk　Art from Japan .

- #tenagaashinaga #ashinagatenaga -
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