- KAPPA - 河童 / かっぱ / カッパ - ABC-Index -
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- kappa 合羽 カッパ raincoat -
Kappa with different Chinese characters 合羽 was used for the traditional raincoat worn by travellers and now for our plastic convenience as a raincoat or rather cape.
source : town.oguchi.aichi.jp/
doochuu kappa 道中合羽 dochu kappa for travellers in the Edo period
It was of strong blue cotton with light yellow stripes.
The rain coat capes for farmers were mostly called mino 蓑.
. mino 蓑 straw raincoat .
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. ABC List of Edo craftsmen 江戸の職人 .
kappaya 合羽屋 raincoat maker
Most raincoats were made of impregnated washi paper, tooyugami 桐油紙 with paulownia oil, of yellow color.
This paper was also used on the shop-sign.
Their shop-sing was a miniature fire watchtower (hinomi yagura 火の見櫓).
Simple paper rain coats without sleeves were also called
boozu kappa 坊主合羽 "raincoat for priests"
or maru kappa 丸合羽 "round Kappa".
source : Ishikawa Foundation
Kappa with sleeves were made after 1665, sode-tsuki kappa 袖付合羽. The length also varied from rather long to rather short.
The servants of Samurai used to have red-colored Kappa 赤合羽 akagappa.
The oil to impregnate the paper came from a special tree, aburagiri 油桐 "oil-paulownia", Tung tree (Vernicia fordii).
- - - - - 桐油 Tung oil or China wood oil
The Oil-paper umbrella is the traditional umbrella used in China, Japan and other countries in the sinosphere, ....
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !
Most people in Edo, living in poor quarters, could not afford such special raincoats and had to make do with a straw coat.
The Kappa makers had to prepare the paper first, mostly using strong Washi made from koozo 楮 fibers of the mulberry tree.
The paper was first impregnated with kakishibu 柿渋 persimmon extract and then coated with Tung oil. On top of that other colors could be coated or letters painted.
Many Kappa makers also sold this special paper for others to use when repairing umbrellas or raincoats.
. washi 和紙 Japanese paper .
source : web-nihongo.com
新柳橋 Rain at Shin-Yanagibashi
Hokusai, 1801, 葛飾北斎画『絵本隅田川両岸一覧』
Red Kappa and all kinds of umbrellas with inscriptions are to be seen.
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Yanagibashi Bridge in Taito Ward Tokyo
... the Kanda River, defines Taito ward’s southern border. The Kanda flows into the Sumida River at Taito ward’s south-eastern corner. That district of Taito ward is called Yanagibashi, or “Willow Bridge.”
The bridge across the Kanda River at that point has a long history, having first been built in 1698 as the Rivermouth Exit Bridge (Kawaguchi Deguchi no Hashi). The military government, or Bakufu, that ruled Japan at that time had a spear depository in the area, meaning the bridge was also known as the Spear Depository Bridge (Yanokura-bashi) or the Spear Fortress Bridge (Yanoki-bashi).
The bridge only became known under its present name, Yanagibashi, or “Willow Bridge,” from the second decade of the 18th century. This may have been a corruption of Yanoki-bashi, and/or it may have been because of the willows that grew by the river near the bridge.
Then at the end of the nineteenth century, 1895, the old wooden bridge was replaced with an iron bridge. This was replaced again in the twentieth century, 1929, with the current iron bridge.
In the Edo era, the banks of the Kanda River were lined with inns for sailors and bar-cum-restaurants, making for a very lively district. Then following the Meiji Restoration when the regime changed from the military Bakufu to modern Western-style government, the Yanagibashi district became famous as a pleasure quarter. It was immortalized most famously by the poet, Masaoka Shiki, (1867-1902) in his poem:
haru no yo ya, onna migaeru Yanagibashi
Spring evening, Yanagibashi, a woman turns my head
- source : japanallover.com . yanagibashi -
. Edo no hashi 江戸の橋 the bridges of Edo .
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source and more details : adachi-hanga.com/ukiyo-e/items
雨の中津川 Nakatsugawa in the rain - Hiroshige
木曾海道六拾九次 Kiso Kaido
This detail shows some travellers hurrying along the road. The red and green of their Kappa raincoats livens the image.
. kasa 傘 oil-paper umbrella, Regenschirm .
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CLICK for more photos !
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The Portugese connection, the first Jesuits in Japan
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河童 について - 関連項目
河童 (小説)
両生類/爬虫類
ど根性ガエル/ケロロ軍曹
かっぱ寿司
カッパピア
カッパドキア
妹尾河童
河城にとり
デビッド・カッパーフィールド
河童のクゥと夏休み
河童の川流れ
仮面ライダー裁鬼
フランシスコ＝ザビエル
- source : ja.uncyclopedia.info
The development of : - capa - cape - kappa -
KAPPA CAPE
Now also a kind of rain poncho.
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According to the skeptics who believe the water-sprites are mythological, the first kappa were actually leech-babies - the term applied to still-born infants set afloat in rivers.
An alternative theory came with the appearance of Portuguese monks in the 16th century. Clad in hooded cloaks with hoods that hung down their backs like the kappa's tortoise shell, the monk's shaven pate surrounded by a crown of hair also resembled the kappa's hair-rimmed crater of water.
Capa, the Portuguese word for the monk's habit, was applied to the sprite and remains in use today.
BIG IN JAPAN - Kappa
- source : Janet Leigh Foster -
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- shared by Mark Schumacher -
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. - - - Join my Kappa friends on facebook ! - - - .
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. Kappa densetsu 河童伝説, Kappa minwa 河童民話 - Legends - Introduction .
. Mingei 民芸 Regional Folk Art from Japan .
- #kapparaincoat #yanagibashi -
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